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Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird

Climate seasonality is a predominant constraint on the lifecycles of species in alpine and polar biomes. Assessing the response of these species to climate change thus requires taking into account seasonal constraints on populations. However, interactions between seasonality, weather fluctuations, a...

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Autores principales: Chiffard, Jules, Delestrade, Anne, Yoccoz, Nigel Gilles, Loison, Anne, Besnard, Aurélien
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31788195
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5715
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author Chiffard, Jules
Delestrade, Anne
Yoccoz, Nigel Gilles
Loison, Anne
Besnard, Aurélien
author_facet Chiffard, Jules
Delestrade, Anne
Yoccoz, Nigel Gilles
Loison, Anne
Besnard, Aurélien
author_sort Chiffard, Jules
collection PubMed
description Climate seasonality is a predominant constraint on the lifecycles of species in alpine and polar biomes. Assessing the response of these species to climate change thus requires taking into account seasonal constraints on populations. However, interactions between seasonality, weather fluctuations, and population parameters remain poorly explored as they require long‐term studies with high sampling frequency. This study investigated the influence of environmental covariates on the demography of a corvid species, the alpine chough Pyrrhocorax graculus, in the highly seasonal environment of the Mont Blanc region. In two steps, we estimated: (1) the seasonal survival of categories of individuals based on their age, sex, etc., (2) the effect of environmental covariates on seasonal survival. We hypothesized that the cold season—and more specifically, the end of the cold season (spring)—would be a critical period for individuals, and we expected that weather and individual covariates would influence survival variation during critical periods. We found that while spring was a critical season for adult female survival, it was not for males. This is likely because females are dominated by males at feeding sites during snowy seasons (winter and spring), and additionally must invest energy in egg production. When conditions were not favorable, which seemed to happen when the cold season was warmer than usual, females probably reached their physiological limits. Surprisingly, adult survival was higher at the beginning of the cold season than in summer, which may result from adaptation to harsh weather in alpine and polar vertebrates. This hypothesis could be confirmed by testing it with larger sets of populations. This first seasonal analysis of individual survival over the full life cycle in a sedentary alpine bird shows that including seasonality in demographic investigations is crucial to better understand the potential impacts of climate change on cold ecosystems.
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spelling pubmed-68756692019-11-29 Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird Chiffard, Jules Delestrade, Anne Yoccoz, Nigel Gilles Loison, Anne Besnard, Aurélien Ecol Evol Original Research Climate seasonality is a predominant constraint on the lifecycles of species in alpine and polar biomes. Assessing the response of these species to climate change thus requires taking into account seasonal constraints on populations. However, interactions between seasonality, weather fluctuations, and population parameters remain poorly explored as they require long‐term studies with high sampling frequency. This study investigated the influence of environmental covariates on the demography of a corvid species, the alpine chough Pyrrhocorax graculus, in the highly seasonal environment of the Mont Blanc region. In two steps, we estimated: (1) the seasonal survival of categories of individuals based on their age, sex, etc., (2) the effect of environmental covariates on seasonal survival. We hypothesized that the cold season—and more specifically, the end of the cold season (spring)—would be a critical period for individuals, and we expected that weather and individual covariates would influence survival variation during critical periods. We found that while spring was a critical season for adult female survival, it was not for males. This is likely because females are dominated by males at feeding sites during snowy seasons (winter and spring), and additionally must invest energy in egg production. When conditions were not favorable, which seemed to happen when the cold season was warmer than usual, females probably reached their physiological limits. Surprisingly, adult survival was higher at the beginning of the cold season than in summer, which may result from adaptation to harsh weather in alpine and polar vertebrates. This hypothesis could be confirmed by testing it with larger sets of populations. This first seasonal analysis of individual survival over the full life cycle in a sedentary alpine bird shows that including seasonality in demographic investigations is crucial to better understand the potential impacts of climate change on cold ecosystems. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6875669/ /pubmed/31788195 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5715 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Chiffard, Jules
Delestrade, Anne
Yoccoz, Nigel Gilles
Loison, Anne
Besnard, Aurélien
Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
title Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
title_full Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
title_fullStr Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
title_full_unstemmed Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
title_short Warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
title_sort warm temperatures during cold season can negatively affect adult survival in an alpine bird
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31788195
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5715
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