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Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat

Scientific management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has a significant effect on yield while also reducing the environmental risks. In this study, we conducted field experiments over three years at two different sites (Zhengzhou and Shangshui) in Henan Province, China, using different N application rate...

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Autores principales: Guo, Bin-Bin, Liu, Bei-Cheng, He, Li, Wang, Yang-Yang, Feng, Wei, Zhu, Yun-Ji, Jiao, Nian-Yuan, Wang, Chen-Yang, Guo, Tian-Cai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6884565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31784655
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54641-w
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author Guo, Bin-Bin
Liu, Bei-Cheng
He, Li
Wang, Yang-Yang
Feng, Wei
Zhu, Yun-Ji
Jiao, Nian-Yuan
Wang, Chen-Yang
Guo, Tian-Cai
author_facet Guo, Bin-Bin
Liu, Bei-Cheng
He, Li
Wang, Yang-Yang
Feng, Wei
Zhu, Yun-Ji
Jiao, Nian-Yuan
Wang, Chen-Yang
Guo, Tian-Cai
author_sort Guo, Bin-Bin
collection PubMed
description Scientific management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has a significant effect on yield while also reducing the environmental risks. In this study, we conducted field experiments over three years at two different sites (Zhengzhou and Shangshui) in Henan Province, China, using different N application rates (0, 90,180, 270, and 360 kg ha(−1)) to determine the relationships between soil N supply and N demand in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Optimal N input was then determined. Both sites showed the same trend. Namely, aboveground N uptake and soil nitrate N (NO(3)(−)-N) increased with increasing N, while NO(3)(−)-N decreased with increasing soil depth, gradually moving downwards with growth. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) between increasing aboveground N uptake and increasing NO(3)(−)-N was also observed under N application, with the best relationships occurring in the 20–60 cm layer during jointing-anthesis (R(2) = 0.402–0.431) and the 20–80 cm layer at maturity (R(2) = 0.474). Root weight density showed the same spatial-temporal characteristics as NO(3)(−)-N, following a unimodal trend with increasing N, and peaking at 90 kg ha(−1). The root weight density was mainly distributed in the 0–60 cm layer (above 80%), with the 20–60 cm layer accounting for 30% of the total root system. In this layer, the root weight density was also significantly positively correlated with aboveground N uptake. Wheat yield reached saturation under high N (>270 kg ha(−1)), with a sharp decrease in N use efficiency (NUE) and linear increase in residual NO(3)(−)-N. To balance yield and the risk of environmental pollution in the experimental area, an N application rate of 180–270 kg ha(−1) is recommended under sufficient irrigation, thereby supporting a well-developed root system while ensuring balance between N supply and demand.
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spelling pubmed-68845652019-12-06 Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat Guo, Bin-Bin Liu, Bei-Cheng He, Li Wang, Yang-Yang Feng, Wei Zhu, Yun-Ji Jiao, Nian-Yuan Wang, Chen-Yang Guo, Tian-Cai Sci Rep Article Scientific management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has a significant effect on yield while also reducing the environmental risks. In this study, we conducted field experiments over three years at two different sites (Zhengzhou and Shangshui) in Henan Province, China, using different N application rates (0, 90,180, 270, and 360 kg ha(−1)) to determine the relationships between soil N supply and N demand in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Optimal N input was then determined. Both sites showed the same trend. Namely, aboveground N uptake and soil nitrate N (NO(3)(−)-N) increased with increasing N, while NO(3)(−)-N decreased with increasing soil depth, gradually moving downwards with growth. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) between increasing aboveground N uptake and increasing NO(3)(−)-N was also observed under N application, with the best relationships occurring in the 20–60 cm layer during jointing-anthesis (R(2) = 0.402–0.431) and the 20–80 cm layer at maturity (R(2) = 0.474). Root weight density showed the same spatial-temporal characteristics as NO(3)(−)-N, following a unimodal trend with increasing N, and peaking at 90 kg ha(−1). The root weight density was mainly distributed in the 0–60 cm layer (above 80%), with the 20–60 cm layer accounting for 30% of the total root system. In this layer, the root weight density was also significantly positively correlated with aboveground N uptake. Wheat yield reached saturation under high N (>270 kg ha(−1)), with a sharp decrease in N use efficiency (NUE) and linear increase in residual NO(3)(−)-N. To balance yield and the risk of environmental pollution in the experimental area, an N application rate of 180–270 kg ha(−1) is recommended under sufficient irrigation, thereby supporting a well-developed root system while ensuring balance between N supply and demand. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6884565/ /pubmed/31784655 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54641-w Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Guo, Bin-Bin
Liu, Bei-Cheng
He, Li
Wang, Yang-Yang
Feng, Wei
Zhu, Yun-Ji
Jiao, Nian-Yuan
Wang, Chen-Yang
Guo, Tian-Cai
Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
title Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
title_full Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
title_fullStr Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
title_full_unstemmed Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
title_short Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
title_sort root and nitrate-n distribution and optimization of n input in winter wheat
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6884565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31784655
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54641-w
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