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Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat
Scientific management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has a significant effect on yield while also reducing the environmental risks. In this study, we conducted field experiments over three years at two different sites (Zhengzhou and Shangshui) in Henan Province, China, using different N application rate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6884565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31784655 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54641-w |
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author | Guo, Bin-Bin Liu, Bei-Cheng He, Li Wang, Yang-Yang Feng, Wei Zhu, Yun-Ji Jiao, Nian-Yuan Wang, Chen-Yang Guo, Tian-Cai |
author_facet | Guo, Bin-Bin Liu, Bei-Cheng He, Li Wang, Yang-Yang Feng, Wei Zhu, Yun-Ji Jiao, Nian-Yuan Wang, Chen-Yang Guo, Tian-Cai |
author_sort | Guo, Bin-Bin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Scientific management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has a significant effect on yield while also reducing the environmental risks. In this study, we conducted field experiments over three years at two different sites (Zhengzhou and Shangshui) in Henan Province, China, using different N application rates (0, 90,180, 270, and 360 kg ha(−1)) to determine the relationships between soil N supply and N demand in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Optimal N input was then determined. Both sites showed the same trend. Namely, aboveground N uptake and soil nitrate N (NO(3)(−)-N) increased with increasing N, while NO(3)(−)-N decreased with increasing soil depth, gradually moving downwards with growth. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) between increasing aboveground N uptake and increasing NO(3)(−)-N was also observed under N application, with the best relationships occurring in the 20–60 cm layer during jointing-anthesis (R(2) = 0.402–0.431) and the 20–80 cm layer at maturity (R(2) = 0.474). Root weight density showed the same spatial-temporal characteristics as NO(3)(−)-N, following a unimodal trend with increasing N, and peaking at 90 kg ha(−1). The root weight density was mainly distributed in the 0–60 cm layer (above 80%), with the 20–60 cm layer accounting for 30% of the total root system. In this layer, the root weight density was also significantly positively correlated with aboveground N uptake. Wheat yield reached saturation under high N (>270 kg ha(−1)), with a sharp decrease in N use efficiency (NUE) and linear increase in residual NO(3)(−)-N. To balance yield and the risk of environmental pollution in the experimental area, an N application rate of 180–270 kg ha(−1) is recommended under sufficient irrigation, thereby supporting a well-developed root system while ensuring balance between N supply and demand. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6884565 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68845652019-12-06 Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat Guo, Bin-Bin Liu, Bei-Cheng He, Li Wang, Yang-Yang Feng, Wei Zhu, Yun-Ji Jiao, Nian-Yuan Wang, Chen-Yang Guo, Tian-Cai Sci Rep Article Scientific management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has a significant effect on yield while also reducing the environmental risks. In this study, we conducted field experiments over three years at two different sites (Zhengzhou and Shangshui) in Henan Province, China, using different N application rates (0, 90,180, 270, and 360 kg ha(−1)) to determine the relationships between soil N supply and N demand in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Optimal N input was then determined. Both sites showed the same trend. Namely, aboveground N uptake and soil nitrate N (NO(3)(−)-N) increased with increasing N, while NO(3)(−)-N decreased with increasing soil depth, gradually moving downwards with growth. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) between increasing aboveground N uptake and increasing NO(3)(−)-N was also observed under N application, with the best relationships occurring in the 20–60 cm layer during jointing-anthesis (R(2) = 0.402–0.431) and the 20–80 cm layer at maturity (R(2) = 0.474). Root weight density showed the same spatial-temporal characteristics as NO(3)(−)-N, following a unimodal trend with increasing N, and peaking at 90 kg ha(−1). The root weight density was mainly distributed in the 0–60 cm layer (above 80%), with the 20–60 cm layer accounting for 30% of the total root system. In this layer, the root weight density was also significantly positively correlated with aboveground N uptake. Wheat yield reached saturation under high N (>270 kg ha(−1)), with a sharp decrease in N use efficiency (NUE) and linear increase in residual NO(3)(−)-N. To balance yield and the risk of environmental pollution in the experimental area, an N application rate of 180–270 kg ha(−1) is recommended under sufficient irrigation, thereby supporting a well-developed root system while ensuring balance between N supply and demand. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6884565/ /pubmed/31784655 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54641-w Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Guo, Bin-Bin Liu, Bei-Cheng He, Li Wang, Yang-Yang Feng, Wei Zhu, Yun-Ji Jiao, Nian-Yuan Wang, Chen-Yang Guo, Tian-Cai Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat |
title | Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat |
title_full | Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat |
title_fullStr | Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat |
title_full_unstemmed | Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat |
title_short | Root and nitrate-N distribution and optimization of N input in winter wheat |
title_sort | root and nitrate-n distribution and optimization of n input in winter wheat |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6884565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31784655 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54641-w |
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