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Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Saprolegniosis is a worldwide fungal-like infection affecting freshwater fishes and their eggs. Reports show high mortalities and subsequent economic losses annually from Saprolegnia infections. Most therapeutants against Saprolegnia spp. infections are inefficient and some have negative impact on t...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6884594/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31784693 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54534-y |
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author | Ali, Shimaa E. Gamil, Amr A. A. Skaar, Ida Evensen, Øystein Charo-Karisa, Harrison |
author_facet | Ali, Shimaa E. Gamil, Amr A. A. Skaar, Ida Evensen, Øystein Charo-Karisa, Harrison |
author_sort | Ali, Shimaa E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Saprolegniosis is a worldwide fungal-like infection affecting freshwater fishes and their eggs. Reports show high mortalities and subsequent economic losses annually from Saprolegnia infections. Most therapeutants against Saprolegnia spp. infections are inefficient and some have negative impact on the environment. In this study, we have investigated the ability of boric acid (BA) to prevent Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). BA inhibited radial growth of Saprolegnia hyphae in vitro. Complete in vitro growth inhibition was found at a concentration of ≥0.6 g/L. Inhibitory effects were also observed in vivo when Nile tilapia were experimentally challenged with Saprolegnia spores and followed over 10 days post challenge and under continuous exposure to different BA concentrations. No signs of saprolegniosis were observed in fish treated with BA at concentrations of 0.4 g/L and above. Comet assay revealed that BA has low toxicity in tilapia continuously exposed to concentrations of 0.2–0.6 g/L for 96 h. Additionally, no significant histomorphological changes were observed in BA-treated fish compared to non-treated controls. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) enzyme levels indicated reduction in systemic tissue damage associated with Saprolegnia infection. This study demonstrates the potential of BA as a prophylactic measure against Saprolegnia infection in tilapia, and we recommend additional studies on environmental impact. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6884594 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68845942019-12-06 Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Ali, Shimaa E. Gamil, Amr A. A. Skaar, Ida Evensen, Øystein Charo-Karisa, Harrison Sci Rep Article Saprolegniosis is a worldwide fungal-like infection affecting freshwater fishes and their eggs. Reports show high mortalities and subsequent economic losses annually from Saprolegnia infections. Most therapeutants against Saprolegnia spp. infections are inefficient and some have negative impact on the environment. In this study, we have investigated the ability of boric acid (BA) to prevent Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). BA inhibited radial growth of Saprolegnia hyphae in vitro. Complete in vitro growth inhibition was found at a concentration of ≥0.6 g/L. Inhibitory effects were also observed in vivo when Nile tilapia were experimentally challenged with Saprolegnia spores and followed over 10 days post challenge and under continuous exposure to different BA concentrations. No signs of saprolegniosis were observed in fish treated with BA at concentrations of 0.4 g/L and above. Comet assay revealed that BA has low toxicity in tilapia continuously exposed to concentrations of 0.2–0.6 g/L for 96 h. Additionally, no significant histomorphological changes were observed in BA-treated fish compared to non-treated controls. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) enzyme levels indicated reduction in systemic tissue damage associated with Saprolegnia infection. This study demonstrates the potential of BA as a prophylactic measure against Saprolegnia infection in tilapia, and we recommend additional studies on environmental impact. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6884594/ /pubmed/31784693 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54534-y Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Ali, Shimaa E. Gamil, Amr A. A. Skaar, Ida Evensen, Øystein Charo-Karisa, Harrison Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
title | Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
title_full | Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
title_fullStr | Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
title_short | Efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
title_sort | efficacy and safety of boric acid as a preventive treatment against saprolegnia infection in nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6884594/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31784693 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54534-y |
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