Contrast-enhanced computed tomography findings of a huge perianal epidermoid cyst: A case report

BACKGROUND: Epidermoid cysts can be found at any location in the human body. However, perianal epidermoid cysts are extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported. As far as we know, there is no special literature on the value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of perianal epidermoid cysts. CASE SUMMARY: A 60-year-old male patient presented to the department of general surgery of PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center with the chief complaint of a mass in the perianal region gradually expanding for more than 30 years and perianal discomfort upon sitting for a preceding period of 2 mo. Physical examination revealed a painless mass in the left perianal region. Contrast-enhanced CT was used for preoperative diagnosis. The patient was treated by total mass excision under epidural anesthesia. Postoperative pathological examination revealed the presence of a perianal epidermoid cyst. The patient showed a satisfactory recovery during the 6-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced CT may be a beneficial, useful, and convenient approach for assistance for preoperative diagnosis and surgical decision-making for patients with perianal epidermoid cysts.