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β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides
Xylan, a prominent component of cellulosic biomass, has a high potential for degradation into reducing sugars, and subsequent conversion into bioethanol. This process requires a range of xylanolytic enzymes. Among them, β-xylosidases are crucial, because they hydrolyze more glycosidic bonds than any...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6887791/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31698702 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225524 |
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author | Rohman, Ali Dijkstra, Bauke W. Puspaningsih, Ni Nyoman Tri |
author_facet | Rohman, Ali Dijkstra, Bauke W. Puspaningsih, Ni Nyoman Tri |
author_sort | Rohman, Ali |
collection | PubMed |
description | Xylan, a prominent component of cellulosic biomass, has a high potential for degradation into reducing sugars, and subsequent conversion into bioethanol. This process requires a range of xylanolytic enzymes. Among them, β-xylosidases are crucial, because they hydrolyze more glycosidic bonds than any of the other xylanolytic enzymes. They also enhance the efficiency of the process by degrading xylooligosaccharides, which are potent inhibitors of other hemicellulose-/xylan-converting enzymes. On the other hand, the β-xylosidase itself is also inhibited by monosaccharides that may be generated in high concentrations during the saccharification process. Structurally, β-xylosidases are diverse enzymes with different substrate specificities and enzyme mechanisms. Here, we review the structural diversity and catalytic mechanisms of β-xylosidases, and discuss their inhibition by monosaccharides. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6887791 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68877912019-12-09 β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides Rohman, Ali Dijkstra, Bauke W. Puspaningsih, Ni Nyoman Tri Int J Mol Sci Review Xylan, a prominent component of cellulosic biomass, has a high potential for degradation into reducing sugars, and subsequent conversion into bioethanol. This process requires a range of xylanolytic enzymes. Among them, β-xylosidases are crucial, because they hydrolyze more glycosidic bonds than any of the other xylanolytic enzymes. They also enhance the efficiency of the process by degrading xylooligosaccharides, which are potent inhibitors of other hemicellulose-/xylan-converting enzymes. On the other hand, the β-xylosidase itself is also inhibited by monosaccharides that may be generated in high concentrations during the saccharification process. Structurally, β-xylosidases are diverse enzymes with different substrate specificities and enzyme mechanisms. Here, we review the structural diversity and catalytic mechanisms of β-xylosidases, and discuss their inhibition by monosaccharides. MDPI 2019-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6887791/ /pubmed/31698702 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225524 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Rohman, Ali Dijkstra, Bauke W. Puspaningsih, Ni Nyoman Tri β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides |
title | β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides |
title_full | β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides |
title_fullStr | β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides |
title_full_unstemmed | β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides |
title_short | β-Xylosidases: Structural Diversity, Catalytic Mechanism, and Inhibition by Monosaccharides |
title_sort | β-xylosidases: structural diversity, catalytic mechanism, and inhibition by monosaccharides |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6887791/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31698702 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225524 |
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