Cargando…
Retinal correlates of neurological disorders
Considering the retina as an extension of the brain provides a platform from which to study diseases of the nervous system. Taking advantage of the clear optical media of the eye and ever-increasing resolution of modern imaging techniques, retinal morphology can now be visualized at a cellular level...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6887800/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31832125 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2040622319882205 |
_version_ | 1783475093458911232 |
---|---|
author | Yap, Timothy E. Balendra, Shiama I. Almonte, Melanie T. Cordeiro, M. Francesca |
author_facet | Yap, Timothy E. Balendra, Shiama I. Almonte, Melanie T. Cordeiro, M. Francesca |
author_sort | Yap, Timothy E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Considering the retina as an extension of the brain provides a platform from which to study diseases of the nervous system. Taking advantage of the clear optical media of the eye and ever-increasing resolution of modern imaging techniques, retinal morphology can now be visualized at a cellular level in vivo. This has provided a multitude of possible biomarkers and investigative surrogates that may be used to identify, monitor and study diseases until now limited to the brain. In many neurodegenerative conditions, early diagnosis is often very challenging due to the lack of tests with high sensitivity and specificity, but, once made, opens the door to patients accessing the correct treatment that can potentially improve functional outcomes. Using retinal biomarkers in vivo as an additional diagnostic tool may help overcome the need for invasive tests and histological specimens, and offers the opportunity to longitudinally monitor individuals over time. This review aims to summarise retinal biomarkers associated with a range of neurological conditions including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and prion diseases from a clinical perspective. By comparing their similarities and differences according to primary pathological processes, we hope to show how retinal correlates can aid clinical decisions, and accelerate the study of this rapidly developing area of research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6887800 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68878002019-12-12 Retinal correlates of neurological disorders Yap, Timothy E. Balendra, Shiama I. Almonte, Melanie T. Cordeiro, M. Francesca Ther Adv Chronic Dis Review Considering the retina as an extension of the brain provides a platform from which to study diseases of the nervous system. Taking advantage of the clear optical media of the eye and ever-increasing resolution of modern imaging techniques, retinal morphology can now be visualized at a cellular level in vivo. This has provided a multitude of possible biomarkers and investigative surrogates that may be used to identify, monitor and study diseases until now limited to the brain. In many neurodegenerative conditions, early diagnosis is often very challenging due to the lack of tests with high sensitivity and specificity, but, once made, opens the door to patients accessing the correct treatment that can potentially improve functional outcomes. Using retinal biomarkers in vivo as an additional diagnostic tool may help overcome the need for invasive tests and histological specimens, and offers the opportunity to longitudinally monitor individuals over time. This review aims to summarise retinal biomarkers associated with a range of neurological conditions including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and prion diseases from a clinical perspective. By comparing their similarities and differences according to primary pathological processes, we hope to show how retinal correlates can aid clinical decisions, and accelerate the study of this rapidly developing area of research. SAGE Publications 2019-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6887800/ /pubmed/31832125 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2040622319882205 Text en © The Author(s), 2019 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Review Yap, Timothy E. Balendra, Shiama I. Almonte, Melanie T. Cordeiro, M. Francesca Retinal correlates of neurological disorders |
title | Retinal correlates of neurological disorders |
title_full | Retinal correlates of neurological disorders |
title_fullStr | Retinal correlates of neurological disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | Retinal correlates of neurological disorders |
title_short | Retinal correlates of neurological disorders |
title_sort | retinal correlates of neurological disorders |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6887800/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31832125 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2040622319882205 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yaptimothye retinalcorrelatesofneurologicaldisorders AT balendrashiamai retinalcorrelatesofneurologicaldisorders AT almontemelaniet retinalcorrelatesofneurologicaldisorders AT cordeiromfrancesca retinalcorrelatesofneurologicaldisorders |