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Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition
This investigation determined a feasible route to prepare hyperbranched polyesters involving citric acid (CA) and glycerol (GLC) monomers (CA-co-GLC) using a thermal polycondensation method. The synthesized copolymer was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), carbon-13...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31752368 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223800 |
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author | Zahlan, Hala Saeed, Waseem Sharaf Alrasheed, Radwan Alandes, Naser M. Aouak, Taieb |
author_facet | Zahlan, Hala Saeed, Waseem Sharaf Alrasheed, Radwan Alandes, Naser M. Aouak, Taieb |
author_sort | Zahlan, Hala |
collection | PubMed |
description | This investigation determined a feasible route to prepare hyperbranched polyesters involving citric acid (CA) and glycerol (GLC) monomers (CA-co-GLC) using a thermal polycondensation method. The synthesized copolymer was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The ability of CA-co-GLC to inhibit deposition of inorganic scales such as calcium carbonate was investigated under varying temperature and pH medium. The evaluation of inhibition efficiency (IE) was conducted using the static scale inhibition method. The mechanism of the inhibitor’s action was investigated via growth solution analysis, measurement conductivity, and analysis of CaCO(3) using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained showed that the CA-co-GLC had good IE at an elevated temperature reaching 75% at 100 °C, pH 7.5, and 10 ppm copolymer dose. Using the same dose, the IE reached 66% at 50 °C and pH 10. The CA-co-GLC did not chelate Ca(2+) in water, but led to a change in polymorphism, making it brittle and able to slip easily from the surface. Its action principally prevented the adhesion of calcium carbonate onto the surface. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6888123 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68881232019-12-09 Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition Zahlan, Hala Saeed, Waseem Sharaf Alrasheed, Radwan Alandes, Naser M. Aouak, Taieb Materials (Basel) Article This investigation determined a feasible route to prepare hyperbranched polyesters involving citric acid (CA) and glycerol (GLC) monomers (CA-co-GLC) using a thermal polycondensation method. The synthesized copolymer was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The ability of CA-co-GLC to inhibit deposition of inorganic scales such as calcium carbonate was investigated under varying temperature and pH medium. The evaluation of inhibition efficiency (IE) was conducted using the static scale inhibition method. The mechanism of the inhibitor’s action was investigated via growth solution analysis, measurement conductivity, and analysis of CaCO(3) using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained showed that the CA-co-GLC had good IE at an elevated temperature reaching 75% at 100 °C, pH 7.5, and 10 ppm copolymer dose. Using the same dose, the IE reached 66% at 50 °C and pH 10. The CA-co-GLC did not chelate Ca(2+) in water, but led to a change in polymorphism, making it brittle and able to slip easily from the surface. Its action principally prevented the adhesion of calcium carbonate onto the surface. MDPI 2019-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6888123/ /pubmed/31752368 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223800 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Zahlan, Hala Saeed, Waseem Sharaf Alrasheed, Radwan Alandes, Naser M. Aouak, Taieb Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition |
title | Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition |
title_full | Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition |
title_fullStr | Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition |
title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition |
title_short | Synthesis of Poly (Citric Acid-Co-Glycerol) and Its Application as an Inhibitor of CaCO(3) Deposition |
title_sort | synthesis of poly (citric acid-co-glycerol) and its application as an inhibitor of caco(3) deposition |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31752368 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223800 |
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