Cargando…

Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes

As the technology of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including e-cigarettes, evolves, assessing metal concentrations in liquids among brands over time becomes challenging. A method for quantification of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, tin, and lead in ENDS liquids using triple...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gray, Naudia, Halstead, Mary, Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie, Valentin-Blasini, Liza, Watson, Clifford, Pappas, R. Steven
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888324/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31766137
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224450
_version_ 1783475203099066368
author Gray, Naudia
Halstead, Mary
Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie
Valentin-Blasini, Liza
Watson, Clifford
Pappas, R. Steven
author_facet Gray, Naudia
Halstead, Mary
Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie
Valentin-Blasini, Liza
Watson, Clifford
Pappas, R. Steven
author_sort Gray, Naudia
collection PubMed
description As the technology of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including e-cigarettes, evolves, assessing metal concentrations in liquids among brands over time becomes challenging. A method for quantification of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, tin, and lead in ENDS liquids using triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was developed. The method’s limits of detection (LODs) were 0.031, 0.032, 3.15, 1.27, 0.108, 0.099, 0.066 µg/g for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, and Pb respectively. Liquids analyzed were from different brands and flavors of refill bottles or single-use, rechargeable, and pod devices from different years. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy further evaluated the device components’ compositions. Refill liquids before contacting a device were below lowest reportable levels (LRL) for all metals. Copper and zinc were elevated in liquids from devices containing brass. Cadmium was <LRL in all liquids and was not observed in device components. Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb, reported in µg/g, ranged from <LRL to 0.396, 4.04, 903, 454, 0.898, and 13.5 respectively. Elevated metal concentrations in the liquid were also elevated in aerosol from the corresponding device. The data demonstrates the impact of device design and materials on toxic metals in ENDS liquid.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6888324
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-68883242019-12-09 Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes Gray, Naudia Halstead, Mary Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie Valentin-Blasini, Liza Watson, Clifford Pappas, R. Steven Int J Environ Res Public Health Article As the technology of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including e-cigarettes, evolves, assessing metal concentrations in liquids among brands over time becomes challenging. A method for quantification of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, tin, and lead in ENDS liquids using triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was developed. The method’s limits of detection (LODs) were 0.031, 0.032, 3.15, 1.27, 0.108, 0.099, 0.066 µg/g for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, and Pb respectively. Liquids analyzed were from different brands and flavors of refill bottles or single-use, rechargeable, and pod devices from different years. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy further evaluated the device components’ compositions. Refill liquids before contacting a device were below lowest reportable levels (LRL) for all metals. Copper and zinc were elevated in liquids from devices containing brass. Cadmium was <LRL in all liquids and was not observed in device components. Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb, reported in µg/g, ranged from <LRL to 0.396, 4.04, 903, 454, 0.898, and 13.5 respectively. Elevated metal concentrations in the liquid were also elevated in aerosol from the corresponding device. The data demonstrates the impact of device design and materials on toxic metals in ENDS liquid. MDPI 2019-11-13 2019-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6888324/ /pubmed/31766137 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224450 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gray, Naudia
Halstead, Mary
Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie
Valentin-Blasini, Liza
Watson, Clifford
Pappas, R. Steven
Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes
title Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes
title_full Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes
title_fullStr Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes
title_short Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes
title_sort analysis of toxic metals in liquid from electronic cigarettes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888324/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31766137
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224450
work_keys_str_mv AT graynaudia analysisoftoxicmetalsinliquidfromelectroniccigarettes
AT halsteadmary analysisoftoxicmetalsinliquidfromelectroniccigarettes
AT gonzalezjimeneznathalie analysisoftoxicmetalsinliquidfromelectroniccigarettes
AT valentinblasiniliza analysisoftoxicmetalsinliquidfromelectroniccigarettes
AT watsonclifford analysisoftoxicmetalsinliquidfromelectroniccigarettes
AT pappasrsteven analysisoftoxicmetalsinliquidfromelectroniccigarettes