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The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease that commonly affects older adults and is associated with the histopathological and/or radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Despite significant advances in our understanding of...

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Autores principales: Spagnolo, Paolo, Molyneaux, Philip L., Bernardinello, Nicol, Cocconcelli, Elisabetta, Biondini, Davide, Fracasso, Federico, Tiné, Mariaenrica, Saetta, Marina, Maher, Toby M., Balestro, Elisabetta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717661
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225618
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author Spagnolo, Paolo
Molyneaux, Philip L.
Bernardinello, Nicol
Cocconcelli, Elisabetta
Biondini, Davide
Fracasso, Federico
Tiné, Mariaenrica
Saetta, Marina
Maher, Toby M.
Balestro, Elisabetta
author_facet Spagnolo, Paolo
Molyneaux, Philip L.
Bernardinello, Nicol
Cocconcelli, Elisabetta
Biondini, Davide
Fracasso, Federico
Tiné, Mariaenrica
Saetta, Marina
Maher, Toby M.
Balestro, Elisabetta
author_sort Spagnolo, Paolo
collection PubMed
description Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease that commonly affects older adults and is associated with the histopathological and/or radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Despite significant advances in our understanding of disease pathobiology and natural history, what causes IPF remains unknown. A potential role for infection in the disease’s pathogenesis and progression or as a trigger of acute exacerbation has long been postulated, but initial studies based on traditional culture methods have yielded inconsistent results. The recent application to IPF of culture-independent techniques for microbiological analysis has revealed previously unappreciated alterations of the lung microbiome, as well as an increased bacterial burden in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of IPF patients, although correlation does not necessarily entail causation. In addition, the lung microbiome remains only partially characterized and further research should investigate organisms other than bacteria and viruses, including fungi. The clarification of the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF may potentially allow its manipulation, providing an opportunity for targeted therapeutic intervention.
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spelling pubmed-68884162019-12-09 The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Spagnolo, Paolo Molyneaux, Philip L. Bernardinello, Nicol Cocconcelli, Elisabetta Biondini, Davide Fracasso, Federico Tiné, Mariaenrica Saetta, Marina Maher, Toby M. Balestro, Elisabetta Int J Mol Sci Review Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease that commonly affects older adults and is associated with the histopathological and/or radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Despite significant advances in our understanding of disease pathobiology and natural history, what causes IPF remains unknown. A potential role for infection in the disease’s pathogenesis and progression or as a trigger of acute exacerbation has long been postulated, but initial studies based on traditional culture methods have yielded inconsistent results. The recent application to IPF of culture-independent techniques for microbiological analysis has revealed previously unappreciated alterations of the lung microbiome, as well as an increased bacterial burden in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of IPF patients, although correlation does not necessarily entail causation. In addition, the lung microbiome remains only partially characterized and further research should investigate organisms other than bacteria and viruses, including fungi. The clarification of the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF may potentially allow its manipulation, providing an opportunity for targeted therapeutic intervention. MDPI 2019-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6888416/ /pubmed/31717661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225618 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Spagnolo, Paolo
Molyneaux, Philip L.
Bernardinello, Nicol
Cocconcelli, Elisabetta
Biondini, Davide
Fracasso, Federico
Tiné, Mariaenrica
Saetta, Marina
Maher, Toby M.
Balestro, Elisabetta
The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
title The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
title_full The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
title_fullStr The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
title_full_unstemmed The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
title_short The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
title_sort role of the lung’s microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888416/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717661
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225618
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