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The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease that commonly affects older adults and is associated with the histopathological and/or radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Despite significant advances in our understanding of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888416/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225618 |
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author | Spagnolo, Paolo Molyneaux, Philip L. Bernardinello, Nicol Cocconcelli, Elisabetta Biondini, Davide Fracasso, Federico Tiné, Mariaenrica Saetta, Marina Maher, Toby M. Balestro, Elisabetta |
author_facet | Spagnolo, Paolo Molyneaux, Philip L. Bernardinello, Nicol Cocconcelli, Elisabetta Biondini, Davide Fracasso, Federico Tiné, Mariaenrica Saetta, Marina Maher, Toby M. Balestro, Elisabetta |
author_sort | Spagnolo, Paolo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease that commonly affects older adults and is associated with the histopathological and/or radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Despite significant advances in our understanding of disease pathobiology and natural history, what causes IPF remains unknown. A potential role for infection in the disease’s pathogenesis and progression or as a trigger of acute exacerbation has long been postulated, but initial studies based on traditional culture methods have yielded inconsistent results. The recent application to IPF of culture-independent techniques for microbiological analysis has revealed previously unappreciated alterations of the lung microbiome, as well as an increased bacterial burden in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of IPF patients, although correlation does not necessarily entail causation. In addition, the lung microbiome remains only partially characterized and further research should investigate organisms other than bacteria and viruses, including fungi. The clarification of the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF may potentially allow its manipulation, providing an opportunity for targeted therapeutic intervention. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6888416 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68884162019-12-09 The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Spagnolo, Paolo Molyneaux, Philip L. Bernardinello, Nicol Cocconcelli, Elisabetta Biondini, Davide Fracasso, Federico Tiné, Mariaenrica Saetta, Marina Maher, Toby M. Balestro, Elisabetta Int J Mol Sci Review Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease that commonly affects older adults and is associated with the histopathological and/or radiological patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Despite significant advances in our understanding of disease pathobiology and natural history, what causes IPF remains unknown. A potential role for infection in the disease’s pathogenesis and progression or as a trigger of acute exacerbation has long been postulated, but initial studies based on traditional culture methods have yielded inconsistent results. The recent application to IPF of culture-independent techniques for microbiological analysis has revealed previously unappreciated alterations of the lung microbiome, as well as an increased bacterial burden in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of IPF patients, although correlation does not necessarily entail causation. In addition, the lung microbiome remains only partially characterized and further research should investigate organisms other than bacteria and viruses, including fungi. The clarification of the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF may potentially allow its manipulation, providing an opportunity for targeted therapeutic intervention. MDPI 2019-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6888416/ /pubmed/31717661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225618 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Spagnolo, Paolo Molyneaux, Philip L. Bernardinello, Nicol Cocconcelli, Elisabetta Biondini, Davide Fracasso, Federico Tiné, Mariaenrica Saetta, Marina Maher, Toby M. Balestro, Elisabetta The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title | The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_full | The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_fullStr | The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_short | The Role of the Lung’s Microbiome in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_sort | role of the lung’s microbiome in the pathogenesis and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888416/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225618 |
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