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Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a developmental disorder with severe negative lifetime consequences. Although knowledge about the harmfulness of alcohol consumption during pregnancy has spread, the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is very high. Our study aims at id...

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Autores principales: Blanck-Lubarsch, Moritz, Dirksen, Dieter, Feldmann, Reinhold, Sauerland, Cristina, Hohoff, Ariane
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717945
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224401
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author Blanck-Lubarsch, Moritz
Dirksen, Dieter
Feldmann, Reinhold
Sauerland, Cristina
Hohoff, Ariane
author_facet Blanck-Lubarsch, Moritz
Dirksen, Dieter
Feldmann, Reinhold
Sauerland, Cristina
Hohoff, Ariane
author_sort Blanck-Lubarsch, Moritz
collection PubMed
description Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a developmental disorder with severe negative lifetime consequences. Although knowledge about the harmfulness of alcohol consumption during pregnancy has spread, the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is very high. Our study aims at identifying fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)-associated dental anomalies or habits, which need early attention. Methods: Sixty children (30 FAS; 30 controls) were examined prospectively. Swallowing pattern, oral habits, breastfeeding, speech therapy, ergotherapy, physiotherapy, exfoliation of teeth, DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) index, modified DDE (developmental defects of enamel) index and otitis media were recorded. Results: Swallowing pattern, exfoliation of teeth, and otitis media were not significantly different. Significant differences could be found concerning mouthbreathing (p = 0.007), oral habits (p = 0.047), age at termination of habits (p = 0.009), speech treatment (p = 0.002), ergotherapy, physiotherapy, and breastfeeding (p ≤ 0.001). DMFT (p ≤ 0.001) and modified DDE (p = 0.001) index showed significantly higher values for children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Conclusions: Children with fetal alcohol syndrome have a higher need for early developmental promotion such as speech treatment, ergotherapy, and physiotherapy. Mouthbreathing, habits, and lack of breastfeeding may result in orthodontic treatment needs. High DMFT and modified DDE indexes hint at a higher treatment and prevention need in dentistry.
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spelling pubmed-68885782019-12-09 Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Blanck-Lubarsch, Moritz Dirksen, Dieter Feldmann, Reinhold Sauerland, Cristina Hohoff, Ariane Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a developmental disorder with severe negative lifetime consequences. Although knowledge about the harmfulness of alcohol consumption during pregnancy has spread, the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is very high. Our study aims at identifying fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)-associated dental anomalies or habits, which need early attention. Methods: Sixty children (30 FAS; 30 controls) were examined prospectively. Swallowing pattern, oral habits, breastfeeding, speech therapy, ergotherapy, physiotherapy, exfoliation of teeth, DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) index, modified DDE (developmental defects of enamel) index and otitis media were recorded. Results: Swallowing pattern, exfoliation of teeth, and otitis media were not significantly different. Significant differences could be found concerning mouthbreathing (p = 0.007), oral habits (p = 0.047), age at termination of habits (p = 0.009), speech treatment (p = 0.002), ergotherapy, physiotherapy, and breastfeeding (p ≤ 0.001). DMFT (p ≤ 0.001) and modified DDE (p = 0.001) index showed significantly higher values for children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Conclusions: Children with fetal alcohol syndrome have a higher need for early developmental promotion such as speech treatment, ergotherapy, and physiotherapy. Mouthbreathing, habits, and lack of breastfeeding may result in orthodontic treatment needs. High DMFT and modified DDE indexes hint at a higher treatment and prevention need in dentistry. MDPI 2019-11-11 2019-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6888578/ /pubmed/31717945 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224401 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Blanck-Lubarsch, Moritz
Dirksen, Dieter
Feldmann, Reinhold
Sauerland, Cristina
Hohoff, Ariane
Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
title Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
title_full Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
title_fullStr Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
title_short Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
title_sort tooth malformations, dmft index, speech impairment and oral habits in patients with fetal alcohol syndrome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6888578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717945
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224401
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