Platelet-rich Plasma-induced Inhibition of Chondrocyte Apoptosis Directly Affects Cartilage Thickness in Osteoarthritis

Abstract The search for minimally invasive treatment of osteoarthritis has led to the development of biological options such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and bone marrow aspirate concentrates. This research was conducted to study the outcomes of PRP administration in the chemical-induced model of osteoarthritis in rat knee. Methods and results Two milligrams of monoiodoacetate (MIA) was used for the induction of arthritis in the right knee of 16 rats. Autologous PRP was prepared by double centrifugation, which was then administered in the arthritic knee of eight rats. This group was labeled as the treated group (A) while the rest were counted as the non-treated group (B). Chondrocyte count and uncalcified cartilage thickness were morphometrically assessed on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slides, and it was noted that treated group A had a higher chondrocyte count and more cartilage height as compared to non-treated group B. Intergroup comparison was done between the treated group (A) and non-treated group (B) using the independent t-test. P-values were found to be statistically significant for these parameters. Conclusion This study thus concluded that PRP had induced an inhibitory effect on the apoptosis of chondrocytes, which, in turn, prevented the loss of cartilage height by inhibiting matrix loss.