In vitro and in vivo Antidiabetic Properties of Phenolic Antioxidants From Sedum adenotrichum

Natural products serve as the mainstay of human life, and today, almost half of the drugs in clinical practice are the natural origin. Keeping in view the importance of medicinal plants and natural products, Sedum adenotrichum also known as Rosularia adenotrichum was selected for the present study. The crude extract of S. adenotrichum whole plant was obtained through a rotary evaporator. The extract was analyzed for a polyphenolic profile using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector. The extract was subjected to detail in vivo antidiabetic study. In this study, body weight, blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, liver function tests, and renal function tests were performed in animal models. The extract was tested for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Results of high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector chromatogram revealed a total of 22 polyphenolic compounds. No major change in body weight was noted in experimental animals. Alloxan induction led to a significant elevation in plasma glucose level. A significant decline was noted in blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentration in rats treated with the extract as well as with glibenclamide. Renal/liver function tests, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase, and serum cholesterol were normalized by the extract-treated rats. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity at 62.5 and 1,000 μg/ml was noted to be 63.97 and 80.80, respectively, both approaching to standard. The results reveal that the extract was rich in important phenolic compounds. In the antidiabetic potentials of the crude extract, there might be involved several pancreatic and extra-pancreatic mechanisms acting synergistically to induce the potent antidiabetic effect.