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Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake
The main entry routes of antibiotics in the environment are the application of organic wastes to improve soil quality and the irrigation with recycled water. Once in the environment, antibiotics can be introduced in the food chain through their uptake by crops. This paper describes the development o...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6891457/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224066 |
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author | Albero, Beatriz Tadeo, José L. Delgado, María del Mar Miguel, Esther Pérez, Rosa Ana |
author_facet | Albero, Beatriz Tadeo, José L. Delgado, María del Mar Miguel, Esther Pérez, Rosa Ana |
author_sort | Albero, Beatriz |
collection | PubMed |
description | The main entry routes of antibiotics in the environment are the application of organic wastes to improve soil quality and the irrigation with recycled water. Once in the environment, antibiotics can be introduced in the food chain through their uptake by crops. This paper describes the development of an analytical method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction for the determination of seven antibiotics in lettuce. The developed method was applied to evaluate antibiotic uptake by lettuce grown in pots fertilized with composted poultry litter doped with a mixture of antibiotics to reach a final concentration of 2.5 µg/g in soil. Lettuce were harvested after 21, 36, and 55 days. Five of the seven studied antibiotics were found in all samples. The highest uptake was found for lincomycin (51 ng/g fresh weight) followed by sulfamethoxazole (44 ng/g fresh weight) and sulfamethazine (21 ng/g fresh weight) in lettuce harvested after 21 days. An important decrease of their levels was observed after 36 days, but these levels remained similar after 55 days. Although levels found in lettuce were low, the presence of antibiotics demonstrates the need for further assessing food safety risks related with the use of soil amendments or irrigation water contaminated with antibiotics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6891457 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68914572019-12-18 Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake Albero, Beatriz Tadeo, José L. Delgado, María del Mar Miguel, Esther Pérez, Rosa Ana Molecules Article The main entry routes of antibiotics in the environment are the application of organic wastes to improve soil quality and the irrigation with recycled water. Once in the environment, antibiotics can be introduced in the food chain through their uptake by crops. This paper describes the development of an analytical method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction for the determination of seven antibiotics in lettuce. The developed method was applied to evaluate antibiotic uptake by lettuce grown in pots fertilized with composted poultry litter doped with a mixture of antibiotics to reach a final concentration of 2.5 µg/g in soil. Lettuce were harvested after 21, 36, and 55 days. Five of the seven studied antibiotics were found in all samples. The highest uptake was found for lincomycin (51 ng/g fresh weight) followed by sulfamethoxazole (44 ng/g fresh weight) and sulfamethazine (21 ng/g fresh weight) in lettuce harvested after 21 days. An important decrease of their levels was observed after 36 days, but these levels remained similar after 55 days. Although levels found in lettuce were low, the presence of antibiotics demonstrates the need for further assessing food safety risks related with the use of soil amendments or irrigation water contaminated with antibiotics. MDPI 2019-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6891457/ /pubmed/31717615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224066 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Albero, Beatriz Tadeo, José L. Delgado, María del Mar Miguel, Esther Pérez, Rosa Ana Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake |
title | Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake |
title_full | Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake |
title_fullStr | Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake |
title_short | Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake |
title_sort | analysis of multiclass antibiotics in lettuce by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to monitor their plant uptake |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6891457/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224066 |
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