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Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics
We present a method to efficiently multiply or divide the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light beams using a sequence of two optical elements. The key element is represented by an optical transformation mapping the azimuthal phase gradient of the input OAM beam onto a circular sector. By combinin...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6892886/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31814970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-019-0222-2 |
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author | Ruffato, Gianluca Massari, Michele Romanato, Filippo |
author_facet | Ruffato, Gianluca Massari, Michele Romanato, Filippo |
author_sort | Ruffato, Gianluca |
collection | PubMed |
description | We present a method to efficiently multiply or divide the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light beams using a sequence of two optical elements. The key element is represented by an optical transformation mapping the azimuthal phase gradient of the input OAM beam onto a circular sector. By combining multiple circular-sector transformations into a single optical element, it is possible to multiply the value of the input OAM state by splitting and mapping the phase onto complementary circular sectors. Conversely, by combining multiple inverse transformations, the division of the initial OAM value is achievable by mapping distinct complementary circular sectors of the input beam into an equal number of circular phase gradients. Optical elements have been fabricated in the form of phase-only diffractive optics with high-resolution electron-beam lithography. Optical tests confirm the capability of the multiplier optics to perform integer multiplication of the input OAM, whereas the designed dividers are demonstrated to correctly split up the input beam into a complementary set of OAM beams. These elements can find applications for the multiplicative generation of higher-order OAM modes, optical information processing based on OAM beam transmission, and optical routing/switching in telecom. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6892886 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-68928862019-12-06 Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics Ruffato, Gianluca Massari, Michele Romanato, Filippo Light Sci Appl Article We present a method to efficiently multiply or divide the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light beams using a sequence of two optical elements. The key element is represented by an optical transformation mapping the azimuthal phase gradient of the input OAM beam onto a circular sector. By combining multiple circular-sector transformations into a single optical element, it is possible to multiply the value of the input OAM state by splitting and mapping the phase onto complementary circular sectors. Conversely, by combining multiple inverse transformations, the division of the initial OAM value is achievable by mapping distinct complementary circular sectors of the input beam into an equal number of circular phase gradients. Optical elements have been fabricated in the form of phase-only diffractive optics with high-resolution electron-beam lithography. Optical tests confirm the capability of the multiplier optics to perform integer multiplication of the input OAM, whereas the designed dividers are demonstrated to correctly split up the input beam into a complementary set of OAM beams. These elements can find applications for the multiplicative generation of higher-order OAM modes, optical information processing based on OAM beam transmission, and optical routing/switching in telecom. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6892886/ /pubmed/31814970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-019-0222-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Ruffato, Gianluca Massari, Michele Romanato, Filippo Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics |
title | Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics |
title_full | Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics |
title_fullStr | Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics |
title_full_unstemmed | Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics |
title_short | Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics |
title_sort | multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6892886/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31814970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-019-0222-2 |
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