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Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil

Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that occurs throughout the Americas, and is considered a public health threat. In Brazil, SLEV has been detected from human cases associated with dengue-like disease, but no neurological symptoms were reported. Furthermore, the epi...

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Autores principales: Barbosa Costa, Galileu, Marinho, Paula Eillany Silva, Vilela, Ana Paula Pessoa, Saraiva-Silva, Ana Teresa, Crispim, Ana Paula Correia, Borges, Iara Apolinário, Dutra, Ana Gabriella Stoffella, Lobato, Zélia Inês Portela, dos Reis, Jenner Karlison Pimenta, de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas, Drumond, Betania Paiva, Kroon, Erna Geessien, Trindade, Giliane de Souza
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6893452/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31694207
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11111029
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author Barbosa Costa, Galileu
Marinho, Paula Eillany Silva
Vilela, Ana Paula Pessoa
Saraiva-Silva, Ana Teresa
Crispim, Ana Paula Correia
Borges, Iara Apolinário
Dutra, Ana Gabriella Stoffella
Lobato, Zélia Inês Portela
dos Reis, Jenner Karlison Pimenta
de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas
Drumond, Betania Paiva
Kroon, Erna Geessien
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
author_facet Barbosa Costa, Galileu
Marinho, Paula Eillany Silva
Vilela, Ana Paula Pessoa
Saraiva-Silva, Ana Teresa
Crispim, Ana Paula Correia
Borges, Iara Apolinário
Dutra, Ana Gabriella Stoffella
Lobato, Zélia Inês Portela
dos Reis, Jenner Karlison Pimenta
de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas
Drumond, Betania Paiva
Kroon, Erna Geessien
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
author_sort Barbosa Costa, Galileu
collection PubMed
description Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that occurs throughout the Americas, and is considered a public health threat. In Brazil, SLEV has been detected from human cases associated with dengue-like disease, but no neurological symptoms were reported. Furthermore, the epidemiology of SLEV in human populations is still poorly explored in the country. We reported serological and molecular detection of SLEV in a healthy population of equids and humans from rural areas in Southeast Brazil. A plaque reduction neutralization test was applied, and neutralizing antibodies were detected in 11 individuals (4.6%) and 60 horses (21.5%). A qPCR targeting the 5′UTR region and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) targeting the non-structural protein (NS5) gene were performed and three individuals tested positive in both assays. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis confirmed SLEV circulation and its findings suggest the occurrence of an asymptomatic or subclinical presence in human and animal cases, correlating with the risks for outbreaks and consequently burden of SLEV infections to public health. Preventive strategies should include improved surveillance in regions with a high probability of SLEV occurrence, improvement in diagnostic methods, and evaluation of exposure/risk factors that can favor SLEV emergence.
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spelling pubmed-68934522019-12-23 Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil Barbosa Costa, Galileu Marinho, Paula Eillany Silva Vilela, Ana Paula Pessoa Saraiva-Silva, Ana Teresa Crispim, Ana Paula Correia Borges, Iara Apolinário Dutra, Ana Gabriella Stoffella Lobato, Zélia Inês Portela dos Reis, Jenner Karlison Pimenta de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas Drumond, Betania Paiva Kroon, Erna Geessien Trindade, Giliane de Souza Viruses Article Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that occurs throughout the Americas, and is considered a public health threat. In Brazil, SLEV has been detected from human cases associated with dengue-like disease, but no neurological symptoms were reported. Furthermore, the epidemiology of SLEV in human populations is still poorly explored in the country. We reported serological and molecular detection of SLEV in a healthy population of equids and humans from rural areas in Southeast Brazil. A plaque reduction neutralization test was applied, and neutralizing antibodies were detected in 11 individuals (4.6%) and 60 horses (21.5%). A qPCR targeting the 5′UTR region and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) targeting the non-structural protein (NS5) gene were performed and three individuals tested positive in both assays. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis confirmed SLEV circulation and its findings suggest the occurrence of an asymptomatic or subclinical presence in human and animal cases, correlating with the risks for outbreaks and consequently burden of SLEV infections to public health. Preventive strategies should include improved surveillance in regions with a high probability of SLEV occurrence, improvement in diagnostic methods, and evaluation of exposure/risk factors that can favor SLEV emergence. MDPI 2019-11-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6893452/ /pubmed/31694207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11111029 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Barbosa Costa, Galileu
Marinho, Paula Eillany Silva
Vilela, Ana Paula Pessoa
Saraiva-Silva, Ana Teresa
Crispim, Ana Paula Correia
Borges, Iara Apolinário
Dutra, Ana Gabriella Stoffella
Lobato, Zélia Inês Portela
dos Reis, Jenner Karlison Pimenta
de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas
Drumond, Betania Paiva
Kroon, Erna Geessien
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil
title Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil
title_full Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil
title_fullStr Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil
title_short Silent Circulation of the Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus among Humans and Equids, Southeast Brazil
title_sort silent circulation of the saint louis encephalitis virus among humans and equids, southeast brazil
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6893452/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31694207
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11111029
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