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Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy

Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the major symptoms of cancer cachexia. Garlic (Allium sativum), one of the world’s most commonly used and versatile herbs, has been employed for the prevention and treatment of diverse diseases for centuries. In the present study, we found that ajoene, a sulfur comp...

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Autores principales: Lee, Hyejin, Heo, Ji-Won, Kim, A-Reum, Kweon, Minson, Nam, Sorim, Lim, Jong-Seok, Sung, Mi-Kyung, Kim, Sung-Eun, Ryu, Jae-Ha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6893518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717643
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112724
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author Lee, Hyejin
Heo, Ji-Won
Kim, A-Reum
Kweon, Minson
Nam, Sorim
Lim, Jong-Seok
Sung, Mi-Kyung
Kim, Sung-Eun
Ryu, Jae-Ha
author_facet Lee, Hyejin
Heo, Ji-Won
Kim, A-Reum
Kweon, Minson
Nam, Sorim
Lim, Jong-Seok
Sung, Mi-Kyung
Kim, Sung-Eun
Ryu, Jae-Ha
author_sort Lee, Hyejin
collection PubMed
description Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the major symptoms of cancer cachexia. Garlic (Allium sativum), one of the world’s most commonly used and versatile herbs, has been employed for the prevention and treatment of diverse diseases for centuries. In the present study, we found that ajoene, a sulfur compound found in crushed garlic, exhibits protective effects against muscle atrophy. Using CT26 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, we demonstrate in vivo that ajoene extract alleviated muscle degradation by decreasing not only myokines secretion but also janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) and SMADs/forkhead box (FoxO) signaling pathways, thereby suppressing muscle-specific E3 ligases. In mouse skeletal myoblasts, Z-ajoene enhanced myogenesis as evidenced by increased expression of myogenic markers via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. In mature myotubes, Z-ajoene protected against muscle protein degradation induced by conditioned media from CT26 colon carcinoma cells, by suppressing expression of muscle specific E3 ligases and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation which contribute to muscle atrophy. Moreover, Z-ajoene treatment improved myofiber formation via stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. These findings suggest that ajoene extract and Z-ajoene can attenuate skeletal muscle atrophy induced by cancer cachexia through suppressing inflammatory responses and the muscle wasting as well as by promoting muscle protein synthesis.
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spelling pubmed-68935182019-12-23 Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Lee, Hyejin Heo, Ji-Won Kim, A-Reum Kweon, Minson Nam, Sorim Lim, Jong-Seok Sung, Mi-Kyung Kim, Sung-Eun Ryu, Jae-Ha Nutrients Article Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the major symptoms of cancer cachexia. Garlic (Allium sativum), one of the world’s most commonly used and versatile herbs, has been employed for the prevention and treatment of diverse diseases for centuries. In the present study, we found that ajoene, a sulfur compound found in crushed garlic, exhibits protective effects against muscle atrophy. Using CT26 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, we demonstrate in vivo that ajoene extract alleviated muscle degradation by decreasing not only myokines secretion but also janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) and SMADs/forkhead box (FoxO) signaling pathways, thereby suppressing muscle-specific E3 ligases. In mouse skeletal myoblasts, Z-ajoene enhanced myogenesis as evidenced by increased expression of myogenic markers via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. In mature myotubes, Z-ajoene protected against muscle protein degradation induced by conditioned media from CT26 colon carcinoma cells, by suppressing expression of muscle specific E3 ligases and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation which contribute to muscle atrophy. Moreover, Z-ajoene treatment improved myofiber formation via stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. These findings suggest that ajoene extract and Z-ajoene can attenuate skeletal muscle atrophy induced by cancer cachexia through suppressing inflammatory responses and the muscle wasting as well as by promoting muscle protein synthesis. MDPI 2019-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6893518/ /pubmed/31717643 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112724 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Hyejin
Heo, Ji-Won
Kim, A-Reum
Kweon, Minson
Nam, Sorim
Lim, Jong-Seok
Sung, Mi-Kyung
Kim, Sung-Eun
Ryu, Jae-Ha
Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
title Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
title_full Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
title_fullStr Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
title_full_unstemmed Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
title_short Z-ajoene from Crushed Garlic Alleviates Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
title_sort z-ajoene from crushed garlic alleviates cancer-induced skeletal muscle atrophy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6893518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717643
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112724
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