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A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games

Game theory has been studied extensively to answer why cooperation is promoted in human and animal societies. All games are classified into five games: the Prisoner's Dilemma, chicken game (including hawk–dove game), stag hunt game and two trivial games of either all cooperation or all defect,...

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Autores principales: Yamamoto, Tatsuki, Ito, Hiromu, Nii, Momoka, Okabe, Takuya, Morita, Satoru, Yoshimura, Jin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31827873
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191602
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author Yamamoto, Tatsuki
Ito, Hiromu
Nii, Momoka
Okabe, Takuya
Morita, Satoru
Yoshimura, Jin
author_facet Yamamoto, Tatsuki
Ito, Hiromu
Nii, Momoka
Okabe, Takuya
Morita, Satoru
Yoshimura, Jin
author_sort Yamamoto, Tatsuki
collection PubMed
description Game theory has been studied extensively to answer why cooperation is promoted in human and animal societies. All games are classified into five games: the Prisoner's Dilemma, chicken game (including hawk–dove game), stag hunt game and two trivial games of either all cooperation or all defect, which are studied separately. Here, we propose a new game that covers all five game categories: the weight-lifting game. The player choose either to (1) carry a weight (cooperate: pay a cost) or (2) pretend to carry it (defect: pay no cost). The probability of success in carrying the weight depends on the number of cooperators, and the players either gain the success reward or pay the failure penalty. All five game categories appear in this game depending on the success probabilities for the number of cooperators. We prove that this game is exactly equivalent to the combination of all five games in terms of a pay-off matrix. This game thus provides a unified framework for studying all five types of games.
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spelling pubmed-68946072019-12-11 A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games Yamamoto, Tatsuki Ito, Hiromu Nii, Momoka Okabe, Takuya Morita, Satoru Yoshimura, Jin R Soc Open Sci Mathematics Game theory has been studied extensively to answer why cooperation is promoted in human and animal societies. All games are classified into five games: the Prisoner's Dilemma, chicken game (including hawk–dove game), stag hunt game and two trivial games of either all cooperation or all defect, which are studied separately. Here, we propose a new game that covers all five game categories: the weight-lifting game. The player choose either to (1) carry a weight (cooperate: pay a cost) or (2) pretend to carry it (defect: pay no cost). The probability of success in carrying the weight depends on the number of cooperators, and the players either gain the success reward or pay the failure penalty. All five game categories appear in this game depending on the success probabilities for the number of cooperators. We prove that this game is exactly equivalent to the combination of all five games in terms of a pay-off matrix. This game thus provides a unified framework for studying all five types of games. The Royal Society 2019-11-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6894607/ /pubmed/31827873 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191602 Text en © 2019 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Mathematics
Yamamoto, Tatsuki
Ito, Hiromu
Nii, Momoka
Okabe, Takuya
Morita, Satoru
Yoshimura, Jin
A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games
title A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games
title_full A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games
title_fullStr A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games
title_full_unstemmed A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games
title_short A single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games
title_sort single ‘weight-lifting’ game covers all kinds of games
topic Mathematics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6894607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31827873
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191602
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