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Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase?

BACKGROUND: In children particularly in the developing world, there is a tendency to downplay the role of primary hypertension in their health. In adults, a number of factors have clearly been associated with the incidence of hypertension. Knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension and its associat...

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Autores principales: Amadi, Ogechukwu F, Okeke, Ifenyinwa B, Ndu, Ikenna K, Ekwochi, Uchenna, Nduagubam, Obinna C, Ezenwosu, Osita U, Asinobi, Isaac N, Osuorah, Chidiebere DI
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6900897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31844356
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nmj.NMJ_51_19
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author Amadi, Ogechukwu F
Okeke, Ifenyinwa B
Ndu, Ikenna K
Ekwochi, Uchenna
Nduagubam, Obinna C
Ezenwosu, Osita U
Asinobi, Isaac N
Osuorah, Chidiebere DI
author_facet Amadi, Ogechukwu F
Okeke, Ifenyinwa B
Ndu, Ikenna K
Ekwochi, Uchenna
Nduagubam, Obinna C
Ezenwosu, Osita U
Asinobi, Isaac N
Osuorah, Chidiebere DI
author_sort Amadi, Ogechukwu F
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In children particularly in the developing world, there is a tendency to downplay the role of primary hypertension in their health. In adults, a number of factors have clearly been associated with the incidence of hypertension. Knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among children in our environment is important and could inform the need for lifestyle changes and routine blood pressure (BP) checks in children so as to reduce BP-related health risks. AIM: The aim of this study is to document the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among children in Enugu, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children aged 6–17 years attending the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital, were enrolled for the study. Their socioeconomic status (SES), weight, height, BP, and dipstick urinalysis were measured using standardized methods. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED). The prevalence of hypertension and the influence of these factors on their BP were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-six (9%) of the 491 participants had hypertension. Of these 46 hypertensive children, 72% were females while a significantly higher proportion 57% (P = 0.006), were in the age group 13–17 years. While age, gender, and the presence of protein in urine were significantly associated with hypertension in these children; body mass index, diet, family history of hypertension, and SES were not. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertension in children in this environment is high and appears to be increasing. There is need for routine BP and urinalysis check for all children in our clinics and wards.
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spelling pubmed-69008972019-12-16 Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase? Amadi, Ogechukwu F Okeke, Ifenyinwa B Ndu, Ikenna K Ekwochi, Uchenna Nduagubam, Obinna C Ezenwosu, Osita U Asinobi, Isaac N Osuorah, Chidiebere DI Niger Med J Original Article BACKGROUND: In children particularly in the developing world, there is a tendency to downplay the role of primary hypertension in their health. In adults, a number of factors have clearly been associated with the incidence of hypertension. Knowledge of the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among children in our environment is important and could inform the need for lifestyle changes and routine blood pressure (BP) checks in children so as to reduce BP-related health risks. AIM: The aim of this study is to document the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among children in Enugu, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children aged 6–17 years attending the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital, were enrolled for the study. Their socioeconomic status (SES), weight, height, BP, and dipstick urinalysis were measured using standardized methods. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED). The prevalence of hypertension and the influence of these factors on their BP were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-six (9%) of the 491 participants had hypertension. Of these 46 hypertensive children, 72% were females while a significantly higher proportion 57% (P = 0.006), were in the age group 13–17 years. While age, gender, and the presence of protein in urine were significantly associated with hypertension in these children; body mass index, diet, family history of hypertension, and SES were not. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertension in children in this environment is high and appears to be increasing. There is need for routine BP and urinalysis check for all children in our clinics and wards. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019 2019-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6900897/ /pubmed/31844356 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nmj.NMJ_51_19 Text en Copyright: © 2019 Nigerian Medical Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Original Article
Amadi, Ogechukwu F
Okeke, Ifenyinwa B
Ndu, Ikenna K
Ekwochi, Uchenna
Nduagubam, Obinna C
Ezenwosu, Osita U
Asinobi, Isaac N
Osuorah, Chidiebere DI
Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase?
title Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase?
title_full Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase?
title_fullStr Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase?
title_full_unstemmed Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase?
title_short Hypertension in Children: Could the Prevalence be on the Increase?
title_sort hypertension in children: could the prevalence be on the increase?
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6900897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31844356
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nmj.NMJ_51_19
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