Cargando…

The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection

The lower urinary tract is routinely exposed to microbes residing in the gastrointestinal tract, yet the urothelium resists invasive infections by gut microorganisms. This infection resistance is attributed to innate defenses in the bladder urothelium, kidney epithelium, and resident or circulating...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Becknell, Brian, Ching, Christina, Spencer, John David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6901906/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31849967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02786
_version_ 1783477580227149824
author Becknell, Brian
Ching, Christina
Spencer, John David
author_facet Becknell, Brian
Ching, Christina
Spencer, John David
author_sort Becknell, Brian
collection PubMed
description The lower urinary tract is routinely exposed to microbes residing in the gastrointestinal tract, yet the urothelium resists invasive infections by gut microorganisms. This infection resistance is attributed to innate defenses in the bladder urothelium, kidney epithelium, and resident or circulating immune cells. In recent years, surmounting evidence suggests that these cell types produce and secrete soluble host defense peptides, including members of the Ribonuclease (RNase) A Superfamily, to combat invasive bacterial challenge. While some of these peptides, including RNase 4 and RNase 7, are abundantly produced by epithelial cells, the expression of others, like RNase 3 and RNase 6, increase at infection sites with immune cell recruitment. The objective of this mini-review is to highlight recent evidence showing the biological importance and responses of RNase A Superfamily members to infection in the kidney and bladder.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6901906
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-69019062019-12-17 The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection Becknell, Brian Ching, Christina Spencer, John David Front Immunol Immunology The lower urinary tract is routinely exposed to microbes residing in the gastrointestinal tract, yet the urothelium resists invasive infections by gut microorganisms. This infection resistance is attributed to innate defenses in the bladder urothelium, kidney epithelium, and resident or circulating immune cells. In recent years, surmounting evidence suggests that these cell types produce and secrete soluble host defense peptides, including members of the Ribonuclease (RNase) A Superfamily, to combat invasive bacterial challenge. While some of these peptides, including RNase 4 and RNase 7, are abundantly produced by epithelial cells, the expression of others, like RNase 3 and RNase 6, increase at infection sites with immune cell recruitment. The objective of this mini-review is to highlight recent evidence showing the biological importance and responses of RNase A Superfamily members to infection in the kidney and bladder. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6901906/ /pubmed/31849967 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02786 Text en Copyright © 2019 Becknell, Ching and Spencer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Becknell, Brian
Ching, Christina
Spencer, John David
The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection
title The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection
title_full The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection
title_fullStr The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection
title_full_unstemmed The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection
title_short The Responses of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily to Urinary Tract Infection
title_sort responses of the ribonuclease a superfamily to urinary tract infection
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6901906/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31849967
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02786
work_keys_str_mv AT becknellbrian theresponsesoftheribonucleaseasuperfamilytourinarytractinfection
AT chingchristina theresponsesoftheribonucleaseasuperfamilytourinarytractinfection
AT spencerjohndavid theresponsesoftheribonucleaseasuperfamilytourinarytractinfection
AT becknellbrian responsesoftheribonucleaseasuperfamilytourinarytractinfection
AT chingchristina responsesoftheribonucleaseasuperfamilytourinarytractinfection
AT spencerjohndavid responsesoftheribonucleaseasuperfamilytourinarytractinfection