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Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis
The triterpenes are structurally diverse group of specialized metabolites with important roles in plant defense and human health. Glycyrrhizin, with a carboxyl group at C-30 of its aglycone moiety, is a valuable triterpene glycoside, the production of which is restricted to legume medicinal plants b...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6901910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31850023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01520 |
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author | Fanani, Much Zaenal Fukushima, Ery Odette Sawai, Satoru Tang, Jianwei Ishimori, Masato Sudo, Hiroshi Ohyama, Kiyoshi Seki, Hikaru Saito, Kazuki Muranaka, Toshiya |
author_facet | Fanani, Much Zaenal Fukushima, Ery Odette Sawai, Satoru Tang, Jianwei Ishimori, Masato Sudo, Hiroshi Ohyama, Kiyoshi Seki, Hikaru Saito, Kazuki Muranaka, Toshiya |
author_sort | Fanani, Much Zaenal |
collection | PubMed |
description | The triterpenes are structurally diverse group of specialized metabolites with important roles in plant defense and human health. Glycyrrhizin, with a carboxyl group at C-30 of its aglycone moiety, is a valuable triterpene glycoside, the production of which is restricted to legume medicinal plants belonging to the Glycyrrhiza species. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are important for generating triterpene chemodiversity by catalyzing site-specific oxidation of the triterpene scaffold. CYP72A154 was previously identified from the glycyrrhizin-producing plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis as a C-30 oxidase in glycyrrhizin biosynthesis, but its regioselectivity is rather low. In contrast, CYP72A63 from Medicago truncatula showed superior regioselectivity in C-30 oxidation, improving the production of glycyrrhizin aglycone in engineered yeast. The underlying molecular basis of C-30 product regioselectivity is not well understood. Here, we identified two amino acid residues that control C-30 product regioselectivity and contribute to the chemodiversity of triterpenes accumulated in legumes. Amino acid sequence comparison combined with structural analysis of the protein model identified Leu149 and Leu398 as important amino acid residues for C-30 product regioselectivity. These results were further confirmed by mutagenesis of CYP72A154 homologs from glycyrrhizin-producing species, functional phylogenomics analyses, and comparison of corresponding residues of C-30 oxidase homologs in other legumes. These findings could be combined with metabolic engineering to further enhance the production of high-value triterpene compounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6901910 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69019102019-12-17 Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis Fanani, Much Zaenal Fukushima, Ery Odette Sawai, Satoru Tang, Jianwei Ishimori, Masato Sudo, Hiroshi Ohyama, Kiyoshi Seki, Hikaru Saito, Kazuki Muranaka, Toshiya Front Plant Sci Plant Science The triterpenes are structurally diverse group of specialized metabolites with important roles in plant defense and human health. Glycyrrhizin, with a carboxyl group at C-30 of its aglycone moiety, is a valuable triterpene glycoside, the production of which is restricted to legume medicinal plants belonging to the Glycyrrhiza species. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are important for generating triterpene chemodiversity by catalyzing site-specific oxidation of the triterpene scaffold. CYP72A154 was previously identified from the glycyrrhizin-producing plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis as a C-30 oxidase in glycyrrhizin biosynthesis, but its regioselectivity is rather low. In contrast, CYP72A63 from Medicago truncatula showed superior regioselectivity in C-30 oxidation, improving the production of glycyrrhizin aglycone in engineered yeast. The underlying molecular basis of C-30 product regioselectivity is not well understood. Here, we identified two amino acid residues that control C-30 product regioselectivity and contribute to the chemodiversity of triterpenes accumulated in legumes. Amino acid sequence comparison combined with structural analysis of the protein model identified Leu149 and Leu398 as important amino acid residues for C-30 product regioselectivity. These results were further confirmed by mutagenesis of CYP72A154 homologs from glycyrrhizin-producing species, functional phylogenomics analyses, and comparison of corresponding residues of C-30 oxidase homologs in other legumes. These findings could be combined with metabolic engineering to further enhance the production of high-value triterpene compounds. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6901910/ /pubmed/31850023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01520 Text en Copyright © 2019 Fanani, Fukushima, Sawai, Tang, Ishimori, Sudo, Ohyama, Seki, Saito and Muranaka http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Fanani, Much Zaenal Fukushima, Ery Odette Sawai, Satoru Tang, Jianwei Ishimori, Masato Sudo, Hiroshi Ohyama, Kiyoshi Seki, Hikaru Saito, Kazuki Muranaka, Toshiya Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis |
title | Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis |
title_full | Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis |
title_fullStr | Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis |
title_short | Molecular Basis of C-30 Product Regioselectivity of Legume Oxidases Involved in High-Value Triterpenoid Biosynthesis |
title_sort | molecular basis of c-30 product regioselectivity of legume oxidases involved in high-value triterpenoid biosynthesis |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6901910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31850023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01520 |
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