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Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness

Depressed individuals are biased to perceive, interpret, and judge ambiguous cues in a negative/pessimistic manner. Depressed mood can induce and exacerbate these biases, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We theorize that depressed mood can bias ambiguity processing by altering...

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Autores principales: Lin, Xiao-Xiao, Sun, Ya-Bin, Wang, Yu-Zheng, Fan, Lu, Wang, Xin, Wang, Ning, Luo, Fei, Wang, Jin-Yan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6904491/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31822749
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55277-6
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author Lin, Xiao-Xiao
Sun, Ya-Bin
Wang, Yu-Zheng
Fan, Lu
Wang, Xin
Wang, Ning
Luo, Fei
Wang, Jin-Yan
author_facet Lin, Xiao-Xiao
Sun, Ya-Bin
Wang, Yu-Zheng
Fan, Lu
Wang, Xin
Wang, Ning
Luo, Fei
Wang, Jin-Yan
author_sort Lin, Xiao-Xiao
collection PubMed
description Depressed individuals are biased to perceive, interpret, and judge ambiguous cues in a negative/pessimistic manner. Depressed mood can induce and exacerbate these biases, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We theorize that depressed mood can bias ambiguity processing by altering one’s subjective emotional feelings (e.g. pleasantness/unpleasantness) of the cues. This is because when there is limited objective information, individuals often rely on subjective feelings as a source of information for cognitive processing. To test this theory, three groups (induced depression vs. spontaneous depression vs. neutral) were tested in the Judgement Bias Task (JBT), a behavioral assay of ambiguity processing bias. Subjective pleasantness/unpleasantness of cues was measured by facial electromyography (EMG) from the zygomaticus major (ZM, “smiling”) and from the corrugator supercilii (CS, “frowning”) muscles. As predicted, induced sad mood (vs. neutral mood) yielded a negative bias with a magnitude comparable to that in a spontaneous depressed mood. The facial EMG data indicates that the negative judgement bias induced by depressed mood was associated with a decrease in ZM reactivity (i.e., diminished perceived pleasantness of cues). Our results suggest that depressed mood may bias ambiguity processing by affecting the reward system.
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spelling pubmed-69044912019-12-13 Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness Lin, Xiao-Xiao Sun, Ya-Bin Wang, Yu-Zheng Fan, Lu Wang, Xin Wang, Ning Luo, Fei Wang, Jin-Yan Sci Rep Article Depressed individuals are biased to perceive, interpret, and judge ambiguous cues in a negative/pessimistic manner. Depressed mood can induce and exacerbate these biases, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We theorize that depressed mood can bias ambiguity processing by altering one’s subjective emotional feelings (e.g. pleasantness/unpleasantness) of the cues. This is because when there is limited objective information, individuals often rely on subjective feelings as a source of information for cognitive processing. To test this theory, three groups (induced depression vs. spontaneous depression vs. neutral) were tested in the Judgement Bias Task (JBT), a behavioral assay of ambiguity processing bias. Subjective pleasantness/unpleasantness of cues was measured by facial electromyography (EMG) from the zygomaticus major (ZM, “smiling”) and from the corrugator supercilii (CS, “frowning”) muscles. As predicted, induced sad mood (vs. neutral mood) yielded a negative bias with a magnitude comparable to that in a spontaneous depressed mood. The facial EMG data indicates that the negative judgement bias induced by depressed mood was associated with a decrease in ZM reactivity (i.e., diminished perceived pleasantness of cues). Our results suggest that depressed mood may bias ambiguity processing by affecting the reward system. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6904491/ /pubmed/31822749 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55277-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Lin, Xiao-Xiao
Sun, Ya-Bin
Wang, Yu-Zheng
Fan, Lu
Wang, Xin
Wang, Ning
Luo, Fei
Wang, Jin-Yan
Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness
title Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness
title_full Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness
title_fullStr Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness
title_full_unstemmed Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness
title_short Ambiguity Processing Bias Induced by Depressed Mood Is Associated with Diminished Pleasantness
title_sort ambiguity processing bias induced by depressed mood is associated with diminished pleasantness
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6904491/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31822749
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55277-6
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