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Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate

We propose a new scheme for creating three-dimensional Skyrmions in a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate by manipulating a multipole magnetic field and a pair of counter-propagating laser beams. The result shows that a three-dimensional Skyrmion with topological number Q = 2 can be create...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Luo, Huan-Bo, Li, Lu, Liu, Wu-Ming
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6906496/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31827109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54856-x
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author Luo, Huan-Bo
Li, Lu
Liu, Wu-Ming
author_facet Luo, Huan-Bo
Li, Lu
Liu, Wu-Ming
author_sort Luo, Huan-Bo
collection PubMed
description We propose a new scheme for creating three-dimensional Skyrmions in a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate by manipulating a multipole magnetic field and a pair of counter-propagating laser beams. The result shows that a three-dimensional Skyrmion with topological number Q = 2 can be created by a sextupole magnetic field and the laser beams. Meanwhile, the vortex ring and knot structure in the Skyrmion are found. The topological number can be calculated analytically in our model, which implies that the method can be extended to create Skyrmions with arbitrary topological number. As the examples, three-dimensional Skyrmions with Q = 3, 4 are also demonstrated and are distinguishable by the density distributions with a specific quantization axis. These topological objects have the potential to be realized in ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates experimentally.
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spelling pubmed-69064962019-12-13 Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate Luo, Huan-Bo Li, Lu Liu, Wu-Ming Sci Rep Article We propose a new scheme for creating three-dimensional Skyrmions in a ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate by manipulating a multipole magnetic field and a pair of counter-propagating laser beams. The result shows that a three-dimensional Skyrmion with topological number Q = 2 can be created by a sextupole magnetic field and the laser beams. Meanwhile, the vortex ring and knot structure in the Skyrmion are found. The topological number can be calculated analytically in our model, which implies that the method can be extended to create Skyrmions with arbitrary topological number. As the examples, three-dimensional Skyrmions with Q = 3, 4 are also demonstrated and are distinguishable by the density distributions with a specific quantization axis. These topological objects have the potential to be realized in ferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates experimentally. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6906496/ /pubmed/31827109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54856-x Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Luo, Huan-Bo
Li, Lu
Liu, Wu-Ming
Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate
title Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate
title_full Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate
title_fullStr Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate
title_full_unstemmed Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate
title_short Three-Dimensional Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Number in a Ferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate
title_sort three-dimensional skyrmions with arbitrary topological number in a ferromagnetic spin-1 bose-einstein condensate
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6906496/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31827109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54856-x
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