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Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach

The New York African Burial Ground (NYABG) is the country’s oldest and largest burial site of free and enslaved Africans. Re-discovered in 1991, this site provided evidence of the biological and cultural existence of a 17(th) and 18(th) Century historic population viewing their skeletal remains. How...

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Autores principales: Clinton, Carter K., Duncan, Candice M., Shaw, Richard K., Jackson, Latifa, Jackson, Fatimah L. C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6908665/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31831774
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55125-7
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author Clinton, Carter K.
Duncan, Candice M.
Shaw, Richard K.
Jackson, Latifa
Jackson, Fatimah L. C.
author_facet Clinton, Carter K.
Duncan, Candice M.
Shaw, Richard K.
Jackson, Latifa
Jackson, Fatimah L. C.
author_sort Clinton, Carter K.
collection PubMed
description The New York African Burial Ground (NYABG) is the country’s oldest and largest burial site of free and enslaved Africans. Re-discovered in 1991, this site provided evidence of the biological and cultural existence of a 17(th) and 18(th) Century historic population viewing their skeletal remains. However, the skeletal remains were reburied in October 2003 and are unavailable for further investigation. The analysis of grave soil samples with modern technology allows for the assessment of trace metal presence. Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry provides a semi-quantitative and non-destructive method to identify trace metals of this population and in the surrounding environment. Sixty-five NYABG soil samples were analyzed on a handheld Bruker Tracer III- SD XRF with 40 kV of voltage and a 30μA current. Presence of As, Cu, and Zn can potentially decipher the influence of the local 18(th) Century pottery factories. Elevated levels of Sr validate the assumed heavy vegetative diets of poor and enslaved Africans of the time. Decreased levels of Ca may be due in part to the proximity of the Collect Pond, the existing water table until the early 19(th) Century, and Manhattan’s rising sea level causing an elevated water table washing away the leached Ca from human remains. These data help us reconstruct the lives of these early Americans in what became New York City.
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spelling pubmed-69086652019-12-16 Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach Clinton, Carter K. Duncan, Candice M. Shaw, Richard K. Jackson, Latifa Jackson, Fatimah L. C. Sci Rep Article The New York African Burial Ground (NYABG) is the country’s oldest and largest burial site of free and enslaved Africans. Re-discovered in 1991, this site provided evidence of the biological and cultural existence of a 17(th) and 18(th) Century historic population viewing their skeletal remains. However, the skeletal remains were reburied in October 2003 and are unavailable for further investigation. The analysis of grave soil samples with modern technology allows for the assessment of trace metal presence. Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry provides a semi-quantitative and non-destructive method to identify trace metals of this population and in the surrounding environment. Sixty-five NYABG soil samples were analyzed on a handheld Bruker Tracer III- SD XRF with 40 kV of voltage and a 30μA current. Presence of As, Cu, and Zn can potentially decipher the influence of the local 18(th) Century pottery factories. Elevated levels of Sr validate the assumed heavy vegetative diets of poor and enslaved Africans of the time. Decreased levels of Ca may be due in part to the proximity of the Collect Pond, the existing water table until the early 19(th) Century, and Manhattan’s rising sea level causing an elevated water table washing away the leached Ca from human remains. These data help us reconstruct the lives of these early Americans in what became New York City. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6908665/ /pubmed/31831774 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55125-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Clinton, Carter K.
Duncan, Candice M.
Shaw, Richard K.
Jackson, Latifa
Jackson, Fatimah L. C.
Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach
title Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach
title_full Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach
title_fullStr Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach
title_full_unstemmed Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach
title_short Identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic New York African Burial Ground population: A pXRF technology approach
title_sort identification of trace metals and potential anthropogenic influences on the historic new york african burial ground population: a pxrf technology approach
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6908665/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31831774
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55125-7
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