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Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND: High sedentary time, low physical activity (PA), and low physical fitness place older adults at increased risk of chronic diseases, functional decline, and premature mortality. Mobile health (mHealth) apps, apps that run on mobile platforms, may help promote active living. OBJECTIVE: We...

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Autores principales: Yerrakalva, Dharani, Yerrakalva, Dhrupadh, Hajna, Samantha, Griffin, Simon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6908977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31778121
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14343
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author Yerrakalva, Dharani
Yerrakalva, Dhrupadh
Hajna, Samantha
Griffin, Simon
author_facet Yerrakalva, Dharani
Yerrakalva, Dhrupadh
Hajna, Samantha
Griffin, Simon
author_sort Yerrakalva, Dharani
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: High sedentary time, low physical activity (PA), and low physical fitness place older adults at increased risk of chronic diseases, functional decline, and premature mortality. Mobile health (mHealth) apps, apps that run on mobile platforms, may help promote active living. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the effect of mHealth app interventions on sedentary time, PA, and fitness in older adults. METHODS: We systematically searched five electronic databases for trials investigating the effects of mHealth app interventions on sedentary time, PA, and fitness among community-dwelling older adults aged 55 years and older. We calculated pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) in these outcomes between the intervention and control groups after the intervention period. We performed a Cochrane risk of bias assessment and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation certainty assessment. RESULTS: Overall, six trials (486 participants, 66.7% [324/486] women; age mean 68 [SD 6] years) were included (five of these trials were included in the meta-analysis). mHealth app interventions may be associated with decreases in sedentary time (SMD=−0.49; 95% CI −1.02 to 0.03), increases in PA (506 steps/day; 95% CI −80 to 1092), and increases in fitness (SMD=0.31; 95% CI −0.09 to 0.70) in trials of 3 months or shorter and with increases in PA (753 steps/day; 95% CI −147 to 1652) in trials of 6 months or longer. Risk of bias was low for all but one study. The quality of evidence was moderate for PA and sedentary time and low for fitness. CONCLUSIONS: mHealth app interventions have the potential to promote changes in sedentary time and PA over the short term, but the results did not achieve statistical significance, possibly because studies were underpowered by small participant numbers. We highlight a need for larger trials with longer follow-up to clarify if apps deliver sustained clinically important effects.
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spelling pubmed-69089772020-01-02 Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Yerrakalva, Dharani Yerrakalva, Dhrupadh Hajna, Samantha Griffin, Simon J Med Internet Res Review BACKGROUND: High sedentary time, low physical activity (PA), and low physical fitness place older adults at increased risk of chronic diseases, functional decline, and premature mortality. Mobile health (mHealth) apps, apps that run on mobile platforms, may help promote active living. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the effect of mHealth app interventions on sedentary time, PA, and fitness in older adults. METHODS: We systematically searched five electronic databases for trials investigating the effects of mHealth app interventions on sedentary time, PA, and fitness among community-dwelling older adults aged 55 years and older. We calculated pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) in these outcomes between the intervention and control groups after the intervention period. We performed a Cochrane risk of bias assessment and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation certainty assessment. RESULTS: Overall, six trials (486 participants, 66.7% [324/486] women; age mean 68 [SD 6] years) were included (five of these trials were included in the meta-analysis). mHealth app interventions may be associated with decreases in sedentary time (SMD=−0.49; 95% CI −1.02 to 0.03), increases in PA (506 steps/day; 95% CI −80 to 1092), and increases in fitness (SMD=0.31; 95% CI −0.09 to 0.70) in trials of 3 months or shorter and with increases in PA (753 steps/day; 95% CI −147 to 1652) in trials of 6 months or longer. Risk of bias was low for all but one study. The quality of evidence was moderate for PA and sedentary time and low for fitness. CONCLUSIONS: mHealth app interventions have the potential to promote changes in sedentary time and PA over the short term, but the results did not achieve statistical significance, possibly because studies were underpowered by small participant numbers. We highlight a need for larger trials with longer follow-up to clarify if apps deliver sustained clinically important effects. JMIR Publications 2019-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6908977/ /pubmed/31778121 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14343 Text en ©Dharani Yerrakalva, Dhrupadh Yerrakalva, Samantha Hajna, Simon Griffin. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 28.11.2019. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Review
Yerrakalva, Dharani
Yerrakalva, Dhrupadh
Hajna, Samantha
Griffin, Simon
Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Effects of Mobile Health App Interventions on Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Fitness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort effects of mobile health app interventions on sedentary time, physical activity, and fitness in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6908977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31778121
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14343
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