Transcriptome-Based Identification and Molecular Evolution of the Cytochrome P450 Genes and Expression Profiling under Dimethoate Treatment in Amur Stickleback (Pungitius sinensis)

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are a family of membrane-bound monooxygenase proteins. In this study, 58 CYP genes were identified in Amur stickleback (Pungitius sinensis). Motif distribution, recombination, and selection were performed to investigate their evolutionary history. In addition, expression profiles of CYPs were examined following dimethoate treatment. The results will provide a useful reference for further functional analyses. ABSTRACT: Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are a family of membrane-bound mono-oxygenase proteins, which are involved in cell metabolism and detoxification of various xenobiotic substances. In this study, we identified 58 putative CYP genes in Amur stickleback (Pungitius sinensis) based on the transcriptome sequencing. Conserved motif distribution suggested their functional relevance within each group. Some present recombination events have accelerated the evolution of this gene family. Moreover, a few positive selection sites were identified, which may have accelerated the functional divergence of this family of proteins. Expression patterns of these CYP genes were investigated and indicated that most were affected by dimethoate treatment, suggesting that CYPs were involved in the detoxication of dimethoate. This study will provide a foundation for the further functional investigation of CYP genes in fishes.