Cargando…

A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections

Hyponatremia can occur with central nervous system (CNS) infections, but the frequency and severity may depend on the organism and nature of CNS involvement. In this cross-sectional study at a large Australian hospital network from 2015 to 2018, we aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of h...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lim, Andy K.H., Paramaswaran, Sahira, Jellie, Lucy J., Junckerstorff, Ralph K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6912743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717875
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111801
_version_ 1783479529061220352
author Lim, Andy K.H.
Paramaswaran, Sahira
Jellie, Lucy J.
Junckerstorff, Ralph K.
author_facet Lim, Andy K.H.
Paramaswaran, Sahira
Jellie, Lucy J.
Junckerstorff, Ralph K.
author_sort Lim, Andy K.H.
collection PubMed
description Hyponatremia can occur with central nervous system (CNS) infections, but the frequency and severity may depend on the organism and nature of CNS involvement. In this cross-sectional study at a large Australian hospital network from 2015 to 2018, we aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of hyponatremia associated with CNS infection clinical syndromes, and the association with specific organisms. We examined the results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis from lumbar punctures performed in 184 adult patients with a serum sodium below 135 mmol/L who had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid analysis and a clinical syndrome consistent with an acute CNS infection (meningitis or encephalitis). Hyponatremia affected 39% of patients and was more severe and frequent in patients with encephalitis compared to meningitis (odds ratio = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.43–6.39, after adjusting for age). Hyponatremia was present on admission in 85% of cases. Herpes simplex virus infection was associated with the highest odds of hyponatremia (odds ratio = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.13–7.87) while enterovirus infection was associated with the lowest (odds ratio = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14–0.92), compared to cases without an isolated organism. We concluded that the risk of hyponatremia may vary by the organism isolated but the clinical syndrome was a useful surrogate for predicting the probability of developing hyponatremia.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6912743
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-69127432020-01-02 A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections Lim, Andy K.H. Paramaswaran, Sahira Jellie, Lucy J. Junckerstorff, Ralph K. J Clin Med Article Hyponatremia can occur with central nervous system (CNS) infections, but the frequency and severity may depend on the organism and nature of CNS involvement. In this cross-sectional study at a large Australian hospital network from 2015 to 2018, we aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of hyponatremia associated with CNS infection clinical syndromes, and the association with specific organisms. We examined the results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis from lumbar punctures performed in 184 adult patients with a serum sodium below 135 mmol/L who had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid analysis and a clinical syndrome consistent with an acute CNS infection (meningitis or encephalitis). Hyponatremia affected 39% of patients and was more severe and frequent in patients with encephalitis compared to meningitis (odds ratio = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.43–6.39, after adjusting for age). Hyponatremia was present on admission in 85% of cases. Herpes simplex virus infection was associated with the highest odds of hyponatremia (odds ratio = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.13–7.87) while enterovirus infection was associated with the lowest (odds ratio = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14–0.92), compared to cases without an isolated organism. We concluded that the risk of hyponatremia may vary by the organism isolated but the clinical syndrome was a useful surrogate for predicting the probability of developing hyponatremia. MDPI 2019-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6912743/ /pubmed/31717875 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111801 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lim, Andy K.H.
Paramaswaran, Sahira
Jellie, Lucy J.
Junckerstorff, Ralph K.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections
title A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections
title_full A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections
title_fullStr A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections
title_full_unstemmed A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections
title_short A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections
title_sort cross-sectional study of hyponatremia associated with acute central nervous system infections
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6912743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717875
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111801
work_keys_str_mv AT limandykh acrosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections
AT paramaswaransahira acrosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections
AT jellielucyj acrosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections
AT junckerstorffralphk acrosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections
AT limandykh crosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections
AT paramaswaransahira crosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections
AT jellielucyj crosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections
AT junckerstorffralphk crosssectionalstudyofhyponatremiaassociatedwithacutecentralnervoussysteminfections