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A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections
Hyponatremia can occur with central nervous system (CNS) infections, but the frequency and severity may depend on the organism and nature of CNS involvement. In this cross-sectional study at a large Australian hospital network from 2015 to 2018, we aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of h...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6912743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717875 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111801 |
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author | Lim, Andy K.H. Paramaswaran, Sahira Jellie, Lucy J. Junckerstorff, Ralph K. |
author_facet | Lim, Andy K.H. Paramaswaran, Sahira Jellie, Lucy J. Junckerstorff, Ralph K. |
author_sort | Lim, Andy K.H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hyponatremia can occur with central nervous system (CNS) infections, but the frequency and severity may depend on the organism and nature of CNS involvement. In this cross-sectional study at a large Australian hospital network from 2015 to 2018, we aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of hyponatremia associated with CNS infection clinical syndromes, and the association with specific organisms. We examined the results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis from lumbar punctures performed in 184 adult patients with a serum sodium below 135 mmol/L who had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid analysis and a clinical syndrome consistent with an acute CNS infection (meningitis or encephalitis). Hyponatremia affected 39% of patients and was more severe and frequent in patients with encephalitis compared to meningitis (odds ratio = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.43–6.39, after adjusting for age). Hyponatremia was present on admission in 85% of cases. Herpes simplex virus infection was associated with the highest odds of hyponatremia (odds ratio = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.13–7.87) while enterovirus infection was associated with the lowest (odds ratio = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14–0.92), compared to cases without an isolated organism. We concluded that the risk of hyponatremia may vary by the organism isolated but the clinical syndrome was a useful surrogate for predicting the probability of developing hyponatremia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6912743 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69127432020-01-02 A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections Lim, Andy K.H. Paramaswaran, Sahira Jellie, Lucy J. Junckerstorff, Ralph K. J Clin Med Article Hyponatremia can occur with central nervous system (CNS) infections, but the frequency and severity may depend on the organism and nature of CNS involvement. In this cross-sectional study at a large Australian hospital network from 2015 to 2018, we aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of hyponatremia associated with CNS infection clinical syndromes, and the association with specific organisms. We examined the results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis from lumbar punctures performed in 184 adult patients with a serum sodium below 135 mmol/L who had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid analysis and a clinical syndrome consistent with an acute CNS infection (meningitis or encephalitis). Hyponatremia affected 39% of patients and was more severe and frequent in patients with encephalitis compared to meningitis (odds ratio = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.43–6.39, after adjusting for age). Hyponatremia was present on admission in 85% of cases. Herpes simplex virus infection was associated with the highest odds of hyponatremia (odds ratio = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.13–7.87) while enterovirus infection was associated with the lowest (odds ratio = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14–0.92), compared to cases without an isolated organism. We concluded that the risk of hyponatremia may vary by the organism isolated but the clinical syndrome was a useful surrogate for predicting the probability of developing hyponatremia. MDPI 2019-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6912743/ /pubmed/31717875 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111801 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lim, Andy K.H. Paramaswaran, Sahira Jellie, Lucy J. Junckerstorff, Ralph K. A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections |
title | A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections |
title_full | A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections |
title_fullStr | A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections |
title_full_unstemmed | A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections |
title_short | A Cross-Sectional Study of Hyponatremia Associated with Acute Central Nervous System Infections |
title_sort | cross-sectional study of hyponatremia associated with acute central nervous system infections |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6912743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31717875 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111801 |
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