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Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms
The bioactive and anti-inflammatory role of human milk components has been recognized; active milk components include soluble forms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Preterm babies are more susceptible to infections and may succumb to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease which is...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6914901/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31886300 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4078671 |
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author | Cattaneo, Chiara Caramaschi, Alice Uga, Elena Braghin, Michela Cosi, Gianluca Peila, Chiara Strozzi, Maria C. Sabatini, Miriam Gazzolo, Diego Manfredi, Marcello Cavaletto, Maria |
author_facet | Cattaneo, Chiara Caramaschi, Alice Uga, Elena Braghin, Michela Cosi, Gianluca Peila, Chiara Strozzi, Maria C. Sabatini, Miriam Gazzolo, Diego Manfredi, Marcello Cavaletto, Maria |
author_sort | Cattaneo, Chiara |
collection | PubMed |
description | The bioactive and anti-inflammatory role of human milk components has been recognized; active milk components include soluble forms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Preterm babies are more susceptible to infections and may succumb to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease which is exacerbated by an excessive inflammatory response after TLR activation. Here, we investigated the presence of Toll-like receptors TLR1/2/4/6 in colostrum and mature milk of women who delivered before (preterm) or after (term) 37 weeks of gestational age, integrating classical immune-related techniques with proteomic LC-MS/MS analysis. We have detected immunoreactivity for TLRs mostly in preterm samples, even for TLR1 and TLR6, until now not described in human milk. We demonstrated the presence of only TLR2 in the milk fat globule membrane, while the immunoreactivity of TLR1/4/6 was ascribed to crossreaction with some interesting milk proteins sharing leucine-rich repeat domains. These results will provide new insights into the definition of the role of TLRs in intestinal immune regulation of the newborns. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6914901 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69149012019-12-29 Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms Cattaneo, Chiara Caramaschi, Alice Uga, Elena Braghin, Michela Cosi, Gianluca Peila, Chiara Strozzi, Maria C. Sabatini, Miriam Gazzolo, Diego Manfredi, Marcello Cavaletto, Maria J Immunol Res Research Article The bioactive and anti-inflammatory role of human milk components has been recognized; active milk components include soluble forms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Preterm babies are more susceptible to infections and may succumb to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease which is exacerbated by an excessive inflammatory response after TLR activation. Here, we investigated the presence of Toll-like receptors TLR1/2/4/6 in colostrum and mature milk of women who delivered before (preterm) or after (term) 37 weeks of gestational age, integrating classical immune-related techniques with proteomic LC-MS/MS analysis. We have detected immunoreactivity for TLRs mostly in preterm samples, even for TLR1 and TLR6, until now not described in human milk. We demonstrated the presence of only TLR2 in the milk fat globule membrane, while the immunoreactivity of TLR1/4/6 was ascribed to crossreaction with some interesting milk proteins sharing leucine-rich repeat domains. These results will provide new insights into the definition of the role of TLRs in intestinal immune regulation of the newborns. Hindawi 2019-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6914901/ /pubmed/31886300 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4078671 Text en Copyright © 2019 Chiara Cattaneo et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Cattaneo, Chiara Caramaschi, Alice Uga, Elena Braghin, Michela Cosi, Gianluca Peila, Chiara Strozzi, Maria C. Sabatini, Miriam Gazzolo, Diego Manfredi, Marcello Cavaletto, Maria Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
title | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
title_full | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
title_fullStr | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
title_short | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
title_sort | analysis of toll-like receptors in human milk: detection of membrane-bound and soluble forms |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6914901/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31886300 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4078671 |
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