An Efficient Schistosoma japonicum Bivalent Membrane Protein Antigen DNA Vaccine Against Schistosomiasis in Mice

BACKGROUND: Schistosomiasis is one of the most important infectious parasitic diseases in the world. The most important was to control schistosomiasis is through a combination of medical therapy and immunization. The membrane antigens Tsp2 and 29 from Schistosoma are promising anti-schistosomiasis vaccine candidates. MATERIAL/METHODS: In this study, the pcDNA3.1(+)-SjTsp2, pcDNA3.1(+)-Sj29, and pcDNA3.1 (+)-SjTsp2-29 eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed as DNA vaccines, and the protective abilities of these vaccines were evaluated in mice. RESULTS: The results showed that vaccination with SjTsp2, Sj29, and SjTsp2-29 reduced parasite burden and hepatic pathology compared to the control group, and the protective effect of the bivalent SjTsp2-29 DNA vaccine was better than that of the univalent SjTsp2 or Sj29 DNA vaccines. We also found high levels of IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a against SjTsp2, Sj29, and SjTsp2-29 DNA vaccines, with high expression of IFN-γ and no IL-4 in the mice. CONCLUSIONS: The double-membrane antigen DNA vaccine SjTsp2-29 elicited protection against Schistosoma infection and might serve as a vaccine candidate.