Validity and Reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Chinese Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Study in China

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in Chinese maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. These findings could help increase the validity of future MHD physical activity (PA) studies, both within China and throughout the world. MATERIAL/METHODS: A multicenter prospective cohort study including 320 patients was conducted in Zhejiang, China. Patients’ PA was assessed by analyzing answers to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Chinese version (IPAQ-C) during hemodialysis, and comparing the results with 1 week of pedometer data. RESULTS: The IPAQ-C had good internal reliability and test-retest stability (total ICC=0.84, 95%CI 0.76–0.89), and all PA-related variables correlated significantly between the IPAQ-C and pedometer data (r=0.280–0.561). When stratified by sex, there was a significant correlation for total PA (Spearman r=0.468 p<0.01 for women; Spearman r=0.603 p<0.01 for men) and intensity between pedometry and IPAQ-C. After adjustment for several factors, no relationships were observed among women, but significant relationships existed for men (total partial r=0.486 p<0.05, moderate PA partial r=0.358 p<0.05, walking partial r=0.465 p<0.05, vigorous PA not significant). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to test the reliability and validity of the IPAQ-C in Chinese MHD patients. Overall, we conclude that IPAQ-C is a simple and reliable instrument for measuring PA in Chinese MHD patients, but possible sex and age bias should be considered when interpreting these results.