Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda

Increasing organic matter/carbon contents of soils is one option proposed to offset climate change inducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, under the auspices of the UNFCC Paris Agreement. One of the complementary practices to sequester carbon in soils on decadal time scales is amending it with bioc...

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Autores principales: Roobroeck, Dries, Hood‐Nowotny, Rebecca, Nakubulwa, Dianah, Tumuhairwe, John‐Baptist, Mwanjalolo, Majaliwa Jackson Gilbert, Ndawula, Isaac, Vanlauwe, Bernard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6916656/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31351025
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1984
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author Roobroeck, Dries
Hood‐Nowotny, Rebecca
Nakubulwa, Dianah
Tumuhairwe, John‐Baptist
Mwanjalolo, Majaliwa Jackson Gilbert
Ndawula, Isaac
Vanlauwe, Bernard
author_facet Roobroeck, Dries
Hood‐Nowotny, Rebecca
Nakubulwa, Dianah
Tumuhairwe, John‐Baptist
Mwanjalolo, Majaliwa Jackson Gilbert
Ndawula, Isaac
Vanlauwe, Bernard
author_sort Roobroeck, Dries
collection PubMed
description Increasing organic matter/carbon contents of soils is one option proposed to offset climate change inducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, under the auspices of the UNFCC Paris Agreement. One of the complementary practices to sequester carbon in soils on decadal time scales is amending it with biochar, a carbon rich byproduct of biomass gasification. In sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), there is a widespread and close interplay of agrarian‐based economies and the use of biomass for fuel, which makes the co‐benefits of biochar production for agriculture and energy supply explicitly different from the rest of the world. To date, the quantities of residues available from staple crops for biochar production, and their potential for carbon sequestration in farming systems of SSA have not been comprehensively investigated. We assessed the productivity and usage of biomass waste from maize, sorghum, rice, millet, and groundnut crops; specifically quantifying straw, shanks, chaff, and shells, based on measurements from multiple farmer fields and household surveys in eastern Uganda. Moreover, allometric models were tested, using grain productivity, plant height, and density as predictors. These models enable rapid and low‐cost assessment of the potential availability of feedstocks at various spatial scales: individual cropland, farm enterprise, region, and country. Ultimately, we modeled the carbon balance in soils of major cropping systems when amended with biochar from biomass residues, and up‐scaled this for basic scenario analysis. This interdisciplinary approach showcases that there is significant biophysical potential for soil carbon sequestration in farming systems of Uganda through amendment of biochar derived from unused residues of cereals and legume crops. Furthermore, information about these biomass waste flows is used for estimating the rates of biochar input that could be made to farmlands, as well as the amounts of energy that could be produced with gasifier appliances.
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spelling pubmed-69166562019-12-23 Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda Roobroeck, Dries Hood‐Nowotny, Rebecca Nakubulwa, Dianah Tumuhairwe, John‐Baptist Mwanjalolo, Majaliwa Jackson Gilbert Ndawula, Isaac Vanlauwe, Bernard Ecol Appl Articles Increasing organic matter/carbon contents of soils is one option proposed to offset climate change inducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, under the auspices of the UNFCC Paris Agreement. One of the complementary practices to sequester carbon in soils on decadal time scales is amending it with biochar, a carbon rich byproduct of biomass gasification. In sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), there is a widespread and close interplay of agrarian‐based economies and the use of biomass for fuel, which makes the co‐benefits of biochar production for agriculture and energy supply explicitly different from the rest of the world. To date, the quantities of residues available from staple crops for biochar production, and their potential for carbon sequestration in farming systems of SSA have not been comprehensively investigated. We assessed the productivity and usage of biomass waste from maize, sorghum, rice, millet, and groundnut crops; specifically quantifying straw, shanks, chaff, and shells, based on measurements from multiple farmer fields and household surveys in eastern Uganda. Moreover, allometric models were tested, using grain productivity, plant height, and density as predictors. These models enable rapid and low‐cost assessment of the potential availability of feedstocks at various spatial scales: individual cropland, farm enterprise, region, and country. Ultimately, we modeled the carbon balance in soils of major cropping systems when amended with biochar from biomass residues, and up‐scaled this for basic scenario analysis. This interdisciplinary approach showcases that there is significant biophysical potential for soil carbon sequestration in farming systems of Uganda through amendment of biochar derived from unused residues of cereals and legume crops. Furthermore, information about these biomass waste flows is used for estimating the rates of biochar input that could be made to farmlands, as well as the amounts of energy that could be produced with gasifier appliances. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-08-30 2019-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6916656/ /pubmed/31351025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1984 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Ecological Applications published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Ecological Society of America This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Articles
Roobroeck, Dries
Hood‐Nowotny, Rebecca
Nakubulwa, Dianah
Tumuhairwe, John‐Baptist
Mwanjalolo, Majaliwa Jackson Gilbert
Ndawula, Isaac
Vanlauwe, Bernard
Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda
title Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda
title_full Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda
title_fullStr Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda
title_short Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in Uganda
title_sort biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co‐benefits, in uganda
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6916656/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31351025
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1984
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