Promoting self‐efficacy in patients with chronic disease beyond traditional education: A literature review

AIM: To examine barriers to self‐efficacy and strategies beyond traditional education that promote self‐efficacy for patients living with chronic disease. The review questions were as follows: (a) What are barriers to self‐efficacy in patients experiencing chronic disease? and (b) What non‐traditional strategies and programmes can be implemented by healthcare leaders to promote self‐efficacy in patients with chronic disease? DESIGN: Integrative review. METHOD: Data sources searched were CINAHL, Google Scholar, Health Source, Academic Search Complete and PsycARTICLES published between January 2014–January 2018. Synthesis and thematic analyses were conducted on 24 articles. RESULTS: Three themes were identified as barriers to self‐efficacy: health literacy, access and support. Four prominent strategies were found to promote self‐efficacy: self‐management programmes, telehealth, mobile applications, gaming and social media. The findings indicate self‐efficacy for patients with chronic conditions can improve with new interventions. Enhancing traditional education and boosting self‐efficacy could increase treatment adherence and decrease cost.