Early changes in pulmonary function and intrarenal haemodynamics and the correlation between these sets of parameters in patients with T2DM

PURPOSE: The main objectives of this study were to assess the early changes in pulmonary function and intrarenal haemodynamics and to determine the correlation between pulmonary function and intrarenal haemodynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: 96 patients with T2DM (diabetes group) without diabetes kidney disease (DKD) and 33 healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled in studies intended to assess the early changes in pulmonary function and intrarenal haemodynamics associated with diabetes, as well as to determine the correlation between pulmonary function and intrarenal haemodynamics. RESULTS: Pulmonary functional parameters were negatively correlated with HbA1c levels and diabetes duration (P< 0.05). Moreover, renal functional parameters were positively correlated with HbA1c levels and diabetes duration (P<0.05). Additionally, pulmonary functional parameters were negatively correlated with renal functional parameters (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis of the relationship between pulmonary functional parameters and the bilateral kidney arterial resistivity index (RI) showed that all the pulmonary functional parameters were significantly correlated with the arterial RI (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients displayed changes in pulmonary function and intrarenal haemodynamics during the preclinical stages of DKD. Regulating glycaemia may improve intrarenal haemodynamics in the bilateral interlobular renal arteries. Moreover, during the preclinical stages of DKD, the right kidney RI is a effective predictor of early changes in pulmonary function in adult T2DM patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02798198); registered 8 June 2016.