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Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate

Carotenogenic yeasts are non-conventional oleaginous microorganisms capable of utilizing various waste substrates. In this work, four red yeast strains (Rhodotorula, Cystofilobasidium, and Sporobolomyces sp.) were cultivated in media containing crude, emulsified, and enzymatically hydrolyzed animal...

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Autores principales: Szotkowski, Martin, Byrtusova, Dana, Haronikova, Andrea, Vysoka, Marie, Rapta, Marek, Shapaval, Volha, Marova, Ivana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6920810/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31752339
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110578
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author Szotkowski, Martin
Byrtusova, Dana
Haronikova, Andrea
Vysoka, Marie
Rapta, Marek
Shapaval, Volha
Marova, Ivana
author_facet Szotkowski, Martin
Byrtusova, Dana
Haronikova, Andrea
Vysoka, Marie
Rapta, Marek
Shapaval, Volha
Marova, Ivana
author_sort Szotkowski, Martin
collection PubMed
description Carotenogenic yeasts are non-conventional oleaginous microorganisms capable of utilizing various waste substrates. In this work, four red yeast strains (Rhodotorula, Cystofilobasidium, and Sporobolomyces sp.) were cultivated in media containing crude, emulsified, and enzymatically hydrolyzed animal waste fat, compared with glucose and glycerol, as single C-sources. Cell morphology (cryo-SEM (cryo-scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy)), production of biomass, lipase, biosurfactants, lipids (gas chromatography/flame ionization detection, GC/FID) carotenoids, ubiquinone, and ergosterol (high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC/PDA) in yeast cells was studied depending on the medium composition, the C source, and the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. All studied strains are able to utilize solid and processed fat. Biomass production at C/N = 13 was higher on emulsified/hydrolyzed fat than on glucose/glycerol. The production of lipids and lipidic metabolites was enhanced for several times on fat; the highest yields of carotenoids (24.8 mg/L) and lipids (54.5%/CDW (cell dry weight)) were found in S. pararoseus. Simultaneous induction of lipase and biosurfactants was observed on crude fat substrate. An increased C/N ratio (13–100) led to higher biomass production in fat media. The production of total lipids increased in all strains to C/N = 50. Oppositely, the production of carotenoids, ubiquinone, and ergosterol dramatically decreased with increased C/N in all strains. Compounds accumulated in stressed red yeasts have a great application potential and can be produced efficiently during the valorization of animal waste fat under the biorefinery concept.
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spelling pubmed-69208102019-12-24 Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate Szotkowski, Martin Byrtusova, Dana Haronikova, Andrea Vysoka, Marie Rapta, Marek Shapaval, Volha Marova, Ivana Microorganisms Article Carotenogenic yeasts are non-conventional oleaginous microorganisms capable of utilizing various waste substrates. In this work, four red yeast strains (Rhodotorula, Cystofilobasidium, and Sporobolomyces sp.) were cultivated in media containing crude, emulsified, and enzymatically hydrolyzed animal waste fat, compared with glucose and glycerol, as single C-sources. Cell morphology (cryo-SEM (cryo-scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy)), production of biomass, lipase, biosurfactants, lipids (gas chromatography/flame ionization detection, GC/FID) carotenoids, ubiquinone, and ergosterol (high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC/PDA) in yeast cells was studied depending on the medium composition, the C source, and the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. All studied strains are able to utilize solid and processed fat. Biomass production at C/N = 13 was higher on emulsified/hydrolyzed fat than on glucose/glycerol. The production of lipids and lipidic metabolites was enhanced for several times on fat; the highest yields of carotenoids (24.8 mg/L) and lipids (54.5%/CDW (cell dry weight)) were found in S. pararoseus. Simultaneous induction of lipase and biosurfactants was observed on crude fat substrate. An increased C/N ratio (13–100) led to higher biomass production in fat media. The production of total lipids increased in all strains to C/N = 50. Oppositely, the production of carotenoids, ubiquinone, and ergosterol dramatically decreased with increased C/N in all strains. Compounds accumulated in stressed red yeasts have a great application potential and can be produced efficiently during the valorization of animal waste fat under the biorefinery concept. MDPI 2019-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6920810/ /pubmed/31752339 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110578 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Szotkowski, Martin
Byrtusova, Dana
Haronikova, Andrea
Vysoka, Marie
Rapta, Marek
Shapaval, Volha
Marova, Ivana
Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate
title Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate
title_full Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate
title_fullStr Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate
title_full_unstemmed Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate
title_short Study of Metabolic Adaptation of Red Yeasts to Waste Animal Fat Substrate
title_sort study of metabolic adaptation of red yeasts to waste animal fat substrate
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6920810/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31752339
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110578
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