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Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice

Considered as an essential “metabolic organ”, intestinal microbiota plays a key role in human health and the predisposition to diseases. It is an aggregate genome of trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract. Since the 20th century, researches have showed that intestin...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sun, Chaonan, Chen, Ling, Shen, Zhu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6921184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31885474
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.011
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author Sun, Chaonan
Chen, Ling
Shen, Zhu
author_facet Sun, Chaonan
Chen, Ling
Shen, Zhu
author_sort Sun, Chaonan
collection PubMed
description Considered as an essential “metabolic organ”, intestinal microbiota plays a key role in human health and the predisposition to diseases. It is an aggregate genome of trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract. Since the 20th century, researches have showed that intestinal microbiome possesses a variety of metabolic activities that are able to modulate the fate of more than 30 approved drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors. These drugs are transformed to bioactive, inactive, or toxic metabolites by microbial direct action or host-microbial co-metabolism. These metabolites are responsible for therapeutic effects exerted by these drugs or side effects induced by these drugs, even for death. In view of the significant effect on the drugs metabolism by the gut microbiota, it is pivotal for personalized medicine to explore additional drugs affected by gut microbiota and their involved strains for further making mechanism clear through suitable animal models. This review mainly focus on specific mechanisms involved, with reference to the current literature about drugs metabolism by related bacteria or its enzymes available.
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spelling pubmed-69211842019-12-27 Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice Sun, Chaonan Chen, Ling Shen, Zhu Saudi Pharm J Article Considered as an essential “metabolic organ”, intestinal microbiota plays a key role in human health and the predisposition to diseases. It is an aggregate genome of trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract. Since the 20th century, researches have showed that intestinal microbiome possesses a variety of metabolic activities that are able to modulate the fate of more than 30 approved drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors. These drugs are transformed to bioactive, inactive, or toxic metabolites by microbial direct action or host-microbial co-metabolism. These metabolites are responsible for therapeutic effects exerted by these drugs or side effects induced by these drugs, even for death. In view of the significant effect on the drugs metabolism by the gut microbiota, it is pivotal for personalized medicine to explore additional drugs affected by gut microbiota and their involved strains for further making mechanism clear through suitable animal models. This review mainly focus on specific mechanisms involved, with reference to the current literature about drugs metabolism by related bacteria or its enzymes available. Elsevier 2019-12 2019-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6921184/ /pubmed/31885474 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.011 Text en © 2019 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sun, Chaonan
Chen, Ling
Shen, Zhu
Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice
title Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice
title_full Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice
title_fullStr Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice
title_short Mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice
title_sort mechanisms of gastrointestinal microflora on drug metabolism in clinical practice
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6921184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31885474
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.011
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