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Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect

[Image: see text] We report a biocidal zombie effect of chlorhexidine, a wide-scope biocidal agent commonly used in disinfectant and antiseptic formulations. The zombie effect refers to the ability of dead bacteria killed by a biocidal agent to act as efficient biocidal agents toward a new generatio...

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Autores principales: Ben-Knaz Wakshlak, Racheli, Pedahzur, Rami, Avnir, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2019
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6921249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31867476
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00297
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author Ben-Knaz Wakshlak, Racheli
Pedahzur, Rami
Avnir, David
author_facet Ben-Knaz Wakshlak, Racheli
Pedahzur, Rami
Avnir, David
author_sort Ben-Knaz Wakshlak, Racheli
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] We report a biocidal zombie effect of chlorhexidine, a wide-scope biocidal agent commonly used in disinfectant and antiseptic formulations. The zombie effect refers to the ability of dead bacteria killed by a biocidal agent to act as efficient biocidal agents toward a new generation of viable bacteria. The killed bacteria serve as a reservoir for the antibacterial agent incorporated within them; and the new viable population of bacteria acts as a trap of the bioactive agent, shifting the equilibrium of this agent between the reservoir in the dead cells and their aqueous environment. This report is a major generalization of the zombie phenomenon reported previously for silver from the points of view of extending to organic antibacterial agents; extending the effect to both Gram-negative—Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1—and Gram positive—Staphylococcus aureus—representative bacteria; showing that the zombie effect is maintained in the second and third generations; showing the effect to operate in an environment of growth media, which extends it to life-supporting environments; and proving that cross-killing is possible, that is, killed S. aureus cells fully inactivated viable P. aeruginosa.
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spelling pubmed-69212492019-12-20 Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect Ben-Knaz Wakshlak, Racheli Pedahzur, Rami Avnir, David ACS Omega [Image: see text] We report a biocidal zombie effect of chlorhexidine, a wide-scope biocidal agent commonly used in disinfectant and antiseptic formulations. The zombie effect refers to the ability of dead bacteria killed by a biocidal agent to act as efficient biocidal agents toward a new generation of viable bacteria. The killed bacteria serve as a reservoir for the antibacterial agent incorporated within them; and the new viable population of bacteria acts as a trap of the bioactive agent, shifting the equilibrium of this agent between the reservoir in the dead cells and their aqueous environment. This report is a major generalization of the zombie phenomenon reported previously for silver from the points of view of extending to organic antibacterial agents; extending the effect to both Gram-negative—Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1—and Gram positive—Staphylococcus aureus—representative bacteria; showing that the zombie effect is maintained in the second and third generations; showing the effect to operate in an environment of growth media, which extends it to life-supporting environments; and proving that cross-killing is possible, that is, killed S. aureus cells fully inactivated viable P. aeruginosa. American Chemical Society 2019-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6921249/ /pubmed/31867476 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00297 Text en Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License (http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_termsofuse.html) , which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Ben-Knaz Wakshlak, Racheli
Pedahzur, Rami
Avnir, David
Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect
title Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect
title_full Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect
title_fullStr Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect
title_full_unstemmed Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect
title_short Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine-Killed Bacteria: The Zombie Cell Effect
title_sort antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine-killed bacteria: the zombie cell effect
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6921249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31867476
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b00297
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