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Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration
Microglia play an essential role for central nervous system (CNS) development and homeostasis and have been implicated in the onset, progression, and clearance of numerous diseases affecting the CNS. Previous in vitro research on human microglia was restricted to post-mortem brain tissue-derived mic...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6921408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31856864 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13024-019-0347-z |
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author | Speicher, Anna M. Wiendl, Heinz Meuth, Sven G. Pawlowski, Matthias |
author_facet | Speicher, Anna M. Wiendl, Heinz Meuth, Sven G. Pawlowski, Matthias |
author_sort | Speicher, Anna M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Microglia play an essential role for central nervous system (CNS) development and homeostasis and have been implicated in the onset, progression, and clearance of numerous diseases affecting the CNS. Previous in vitro research on human microglia was restricted to post-mortem brain tissue-derived microglia, with limited availability and lack of scalability. Recently, the first protocols for the generation of microglia from human pluripotent stem cells have become available, thus enabling the implementation of powerful platforms for disease modeling, drug testing, and studies on cell transplantation. Here we give a detailed and comprehensive overview of the protocols available for generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells, highlighting the advantages, drawbacks, and operability and placing them into the context of current knowledge of human embryonic development. We review novel insights into microglia biology and the role of microglia in neurological diseases as drawn from the new methods and provide an outlook for future lines of research involving human pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6921408 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69214082019-12-30 Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration Speicher, Anna M. Wiendl, Heinz Meuth, Sven G. Pawlowski, Matthias Mol Neurodegener Review Microglia play an essential role for central nervous system (CNS) development and homeostasis and have been implicated in the onset, progression, and clearance of numerous diseases affecting the CNS. Previous in vitro research on human microglia was restricted to post-mortem brain tissue-derived microglia, with limited availability and lack of scalability. Recently, the first protocols for the generation of microglia from human pluripotent stem cells have become available, thus enabling the implementation of powerful platforms for disease modeling, drug testing, and studies on cell transplantation. Here we give a detailed and comprehensive overview of the protocols available for generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells, highlighting the advantages, drawbacks, and operability and placing them into the context of current knowledge of human embryonic development. We review novel insights into microglia biology and the role of microglia in neurological diseases as drawn from the new methods and provide an outlook for future lines of research involving human pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia. BioMed Central 2019-12-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6921408/ /pubmed/31856864 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13024-019-0347-z Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Speicher, Anna M. Wiendl, Heinz Meuth, Sven G. Pawlowski, Matthias Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration |
title | Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration |
title_full | Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration |
title_fullStr | Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration |
title_full_unstemmed | Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration |
title_short | Generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration |
title_sort | generating microglia from human pluripotent stem cells: novel in vitro models for the study of neurodegeneration |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6921408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31856864 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13024-019-0347-z |
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