Highly Stable White-Light-Emitting Carbon Dot Synthesis Using a Non-coordinating Solvent

[Image: see text] In this article, synthesis of white-light-emitting, highly stable carbon dots (CDs) using a colloidal synthesis technique is reported. It has been observed that the use of a non-coordinating solvent plays a vital role in the successful fabrication of highly stable CDs. Dilution-independent emissive behavior in CDs is achieved. Excitation-energy-dependent emissive behavior is observed in CDs. However, by surface passivating the CD core by using hexadecylamine (HDA), excitation wavelength dependence of emission is successfully minimized. Surface-functionalized CDs (SFCDs) show blue to green light tunable emission with the change in synthesis conditions. HDA also plays an important role in achieving dilution-independent emission in SFCDs. Furthermore, the carbon dots synthesized are highly inert, and their emission spectra are unaffected on exposure to an open atmosphere for as long as 9 days. A new class of highly crystalline carbon dots called “carbon onion rings” is reported.