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Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair

Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a tough challenge worldwide. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been proved to play a promising role in cartilage repair. However, enzymatic digestion, ex vivo culture and expansion, with significant senescence and decline in multipotency, limit their application. The p...

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Autores principales: Xu, Tengjing, Yu, Xinning, Yang, Quanming, Liu, Xiaonan, Fang, Jinghua, Dai, Xuesong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6923561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31565996
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689719880527
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author Xu, Tengjing
Yu, Xinning
Yang, Quanming
Liu, Xiaonan
Fang, Jinghua
Dai, Xuesong
author_facet Xu, Tengjing
Yu, Xinning
Yang, Quanming
Liu, Xiaonan
Fang, Jinghua
Dai, Xuesong
author_sort Xu, Tengjing
collection PubMed
description Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a tough challenge worldwide. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been proved to play a promising role in cartilage repair. However, enzymatic digestion, ex vivo culture and expansion, with significant senescence and decline in multipotency, limit their application. The present study was designed to obtain micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) through gentle mechanical force and determine the effect of this stem cell-based natural scaffold on repair of full-thickness cartilage defects. In this study, ASCs sprouted from MFAT were characterized by multi-differentiation induction and flow cytometry. Scratch and transwell migration assays were operated to determine whether MFAT could promote migration of chondrocytes in vitro. In a rat model, cartilage defects were created on the femoral groove and treated with intra-articular injection of MFAT or PBS for 6 weeks and 12 weeks (n = 12). At the time points, the degree of cartilage repair was evaluated by histological staining, immunohistochemistry and scoring, respectively. Two unoperated age-matched animals served as native controls. ASCs derived from MFAT possessed properties to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes, with expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD29, 44, 90) and no expression of hematopoietic markers (CD31, 34, 45). In addition, MFAT could significantly promote migration of chondrocytes. MFAT-treated defects showed improved macroscopic appearance and histological evaluation compared with PBS-treated defects at both time points. After 12 weeks of treatment, MFAT-treated defects displayed regular surface, high amount of hyaline cartilage, intact subchondral bone reconstruction and corresponding formation of type I, II, and VI collagen, which resembled the normal cartilage. This study demonstrates the efficacy of MFAT on cartilage repair in an animal model for the first time, and the utility of MFAT as a ready-to-use therapeutic alternative to traditional stem cell therapy.
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spelling pubmed-69235612020-01-03 Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair Xu, Tengjing Yu, Xinning Yang, Quanming Liu, Xiaonan Fang, Jinghua Dai, Xuesong Cell Transplant Original Articles Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a tough challenge worldwide. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been proved to play a promising role in cartilage repair. However, enzymatic digestion, ex vivo culture and expansion, with significant senescence and decline in multipotency, limit their application. The present study was designed to obtain micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) through gentle mechanical force and determine the effect of this stem cell-based natural scaffold on repair of full-thickness cartilage defects. In this study, ASCs sprouted from MFAT were characterized by multi-differentiation induction and flow cytometry. Scratch and transwell migration assays were operated to determine whether MFAT could promote migration of chondrocytes in vitro. In a rat model, cartilage defects were created on the femoral groove and treated with intra-articular injection of MFAT or PBS for 6 weeks and 12 weeks (n = 12). At the time points, the degree of cartilage repair was evaluated by histological staining, immunohistochemistry and scoring, respectively. Two unoperated age-matched animals served as native controls. ASCs derived from MFAT possessed properties to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes, with expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD29, 44, 90) and no expression of hematopoietic markers (CD31, 34, 45). In addition, MFAT could significantly promote migration of chondrocytes. MFAT-treated defects showed improved macroscopic appearance and histological evaluation compared with PBS-treated defects at both time points. After 12 weeks of treatment, MFAT-treated defects displayed regular surface, high amount of hyaline cartilage, intact subchondral bone reconstruction and corresponding formation of type I, II, and VI collagen, which resembled the normal cartilage. This study demonstrates the efficacy of MFAT on cartilage repair in an animal model for the first time, and the utility of MFAT as a ready-to-use therapeutic alternative to traditional stem cell therapy. SAGE Publications 2019-09-29 2019-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6923561/ /pubmed/31565996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689719880527 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Articles
Xu, Tengjing
Yu, Xinning
Yang, Quanming
Liu, Xiaonan
Fang, Jinghua
Dai, Xuesong
Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair
title Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair
title_full Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair
title_fullStr Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair
title_full_unstemmed Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair
title_short Autologous Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue as Stem Cell-Based Natural Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Repair
title_sort autologous micro-fragmented adipose tissue as stem cell-based natural scaffold for cartilage defect repair
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6923561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31565996
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689719880527
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