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Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer
The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of orthodontic tubes adhered to ceramics with the Transbond™ XT bonding resin (3M, Maplewood, MN, USA) while varying the surface treatment. Then, the adhesive remaining index (ARI) was verified, and the representative fracture patterns we...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6926676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31783549 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233922 |
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author | Milagres, Francisco da Silva Araújo Oliveira, Dauro Douglas Silveira, Giordani Santos Oliveira, Emanuelle de Fátima Ferreira Antunes, Alberto Nogueira da Gama |
author_facet | Milagres, Francisco da Silva Araújo Oliveira, Dauro Douglas Silveira, Giordani Santos Oliveira, Emanuelle de Fátima Ferreira Antunes, Alberto Nogueira da Gama |
author_sort | Milagres, Francisco da Silva Araújo |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of orthodontic tubes adhered to ceramics with the Transbond™ XT bonding resin (3M, Maplewood, MN, USA) while varying the surface treatment. Then, the adhesive remaining index (ARI) was verified, and the representative fracture patterns were evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. Forty-eight zirconia blocks were divided into three groups, varying the number of layers of the 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) primer: one, two, or three applications. In addition, 16 lithium disilicate IPS E.max ceramic disks (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) were conditioned with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 s and underwent a single-layer primer application regimen. The four groups were further stratified to undergo bond testing after either 24 h (control) or 5000 cycles in a thermocycling machine. A shear bond strength test was performed (0.5 mm/min), and the MPa values obtained were submitted to a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test. There was no statistical difference among the control group ceramics that received the varying surface treatments. After thermocycling, it was verified that both the E.max disks and the zirconia ceramics with three primer applications obtained the highest bond strength values. In the 24 h groups, a total displacement of the resin from the orthodontic tubes was observed (ARI of 1). After thermocycling, the highest prevalence of an ARI of 5 (adhesive failure) was observed among the zirconia ceramics with single-coat primer application, followed by those with triple-coat primer application (mixed failure). Three applications of the MDP-containing ceramic primer achieved the best result in the present study. Zirconia surface should be treated with three coats of MDP primer to achieve a level of bond strength similar to silica-rich phase ceramic. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6926676 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69266762019-12-24 Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer Milagres, Francisco da Silva Araújo Oliveira, Dauro Douglas Silveira, Giordani Santos Oliveira, Emanuelle de Fátima Ferreira Antunes, Alberto Nogueira da Gama Materials (Basel) Article The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of orthodontic tubes adhered to ceramics with the Transbond™ XT bonding resin (3M, Maplewood, MN, USA) while varying the surface treatment. Then, the adhesive remaining index (ARI) was verified, and the representative fracture patterns were evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. Forty-eight zirconia blocks were divided into three groups, varying the number of layers of the 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) primer: one, two, or three applications. In addition, 16 lithium disilicate IPS E.max ceramic disks (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) were conditioned with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 s and underwent a single-layer primer application regimen. The four groups were further stratified to undergo bond testing after either 24 h (control) or 5000 cycles in a thermocycling machine. A shear bond strength test was performed (0.5 mm/min), and the MPa values obtained were submitted to a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test. There was no statistical difference among the control group ceramics that received the varying surface treatments. After thermocycling, it was verified that both the E.max disks and the zirconia ceramics with three primer applications obtained the highest bond strength values. In the 24 h groups, a total displacement of the resin from the orthodontic tubes was observed (ARI of 1). After thermocycling, the highest prevalence of an ARI of 5 (adhesive failure) was observed among the zirconia ceramics with single-coat primer application, followed by those with triple-coat primer application (mixed failure). Three applications of the MDP-containing ceramic primer achieved the best result in the present study. Zirconia surface should be treated with three coats of MDP primer to achieve a level of bond strength similar to silica-rich phase ceramic. MDPI 2019-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6926676/ /pubmed/31783549 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233922 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Milagres, Francisco da Silva Araújo Oliveira, Dauro Douglas Silveira, Giordani Santos Oliveira, Emanuelle de Fátima Ferreira Antunes, Alberto Nogueira da Gama Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer |
title | Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer |
title_full | Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer |
title_fullStr | Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer |
title_full_unstemmed | Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer |
title_short | Bond Strength and Failure Pattern of Orthodontic Tubes Adhered to a Zirconia Surface Submitted to Different Modes of Application of a Ceramic Primer |
title_sort | bond strength and failure pattern of orthodontic tubes adhered to a zirconia surface submitted to different modes of application of a ceramic primer |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6926676/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31783549 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233922 |
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