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Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis

Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is an abundant and renewable resource from plants mainly composed of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicelluloses) and an aromatic polymer (lignin). LB has a high potential as an alternative to fossil resources to produce second-generation biofuels and biosourced chemic...

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Autores principales: Zoghlami, Aya, Paës, Gabriel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6930145/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31921787
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00874
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author Zoghlami, Aya
Paës, Gabriel
author_facet Zoghlami, Aya
Paës, Gabriel
author_sort Zoghlami, Aya
collection PubMed
description Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is an abundant and renewable resource from plants mainly composed of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicelluloses) and an aromatic polymer (lignin). LB has a high potential as an alternative to fossil resources to produce second-generation biofuels and biosourced chemicals and materials without compromising global food security. One of the major limitations to LB valorisation is its recalcitrance to enzymatic hydrolysis caused by the heterogeneous multi-scale structure of plant cell walls. Factors affecting LB recalcitrance are strongly interconnected and difficult to dissociate. They can be divided into structural factors (cellulose specific surface area, cellulose crystallinity, degree of polymerization, pore size and volume) and chemical factors (composition and content in lignin, hemicelluloses, acetyl groups). Goal of this review is to propose an up-to-date survey of the relative impact of chemical and structural factors on biomass recalcitrance and of the most advanced techniques to evaluate these factors. Also, recent spectral and water-related measurements accurately predicting hydrolysis are presented. Overall, combination of relevant factors and specific measurements gathering simultaneously structural and chemical information should help to develop robust and efficient LB conversion processes into bioproducts.
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spelling pubmed-69301452020-01-09 Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis Zoghlami, Aya Paës, Gabriel Front Chem Chemistry Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) is an abundant and renewable resource from plants mainly composed of polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicelluloses) and an aromatic polymer (lignin). LB has a high potential as an alternative to fossil resources to produce second-generation biofuels and biosourced chemicals and materials without compromising global food security. One of the major limitations to LB valorisation is its recalcitrance to enzymatic hydrolysis caused by the heterogeneous multi-scale structure of plant cell walls. Factors affecting LB recalcitrance are strongly interconnected and difficult to dissociate. They can be divided into structural factors (cellulose specific surface area, cellulose crystallinity, degree of polymerization, pore size and volume) and chemical factors (composition and content in lignin, hemicelluloses, acetyl groups). Goal of this review is to propose an up-to-date survey of the relative impact of chemical and structural factors on biomass recalcitrance and of the most advanced techniques to evaluate these factors. Also, recent spectral and water-related measurements accurately predicting hydrolysis are presented. Overall, combination of relevant factors and specific measurements gathering simultaneously structural and chemical information should help to develop robust and efficient LB conversion processes into bioproducts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6930145/ /pubmed/31921787 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00874 Text en Copyright © 2019 Zoghlami and Paës. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Chemistry
Zoghlami, Aya
Paës, Gabriel
Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
title Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
title_full Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
title_fullStr Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
title_full_unstemmed Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
title_short Lignocellulosic Biomass: Understanding Recalcitrance and Predicting Hydrolysis
title_sort lignocellulosic biomass: understanding recalcitrance and predicting hydrolysis
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6930145/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31921787
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00874
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