Spilled gallstones found incidentally in a direct inguinal hernia sac: Report of a case

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the preferred surgical treatment for symptomatic gallstones. Iatrogenic gallbladder perforation and spillage of gallstones during LC is a frequent occurrence. There are many different clinical presentations of complications resulting from dropped gallstones. We herein present a case of scattered gallstones after LC encountered incidentally during a direct inguinal hernia repair. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 62-year-old male presented with a 4-year history of swelling of both right and left groins. He had undergone LC for acute calculous cholecystitis at another hospital 5 months earlier. Physical examination revealed reducible both right and left direct inguinal hernias. Surgical exploration of the right side revealed foreign bodies at the fundus of the sac attached to the inner wall, with a fibrotic reaction around it. On closer inspection these foreign bodies were macroscopically consistent with gallstones. The gallstones were removed, and bilateral herniotomies and Lichtenstein's prolene mesh repair were performed. Pathologic evaluation confirmed 10 foreign bodies of 5-mm in size to be cholesterol gallstones. DISCUSSION: Gallstones have been very rarely reported previously within a hernia sac after LC. Most of the spilled gallstones are clinically silent and rarely become symptomatic. Complications may occur from the immediately postoperative period to a long time interval of 20 years. Treatment of complications is based on its type and location. CONCLUSION: This case presents a very rare entity resulting from leaving spilled gallstones behind. We recommend that every effort should be made to retrieve any scattered stones during LC in order to avoid complications.