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Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

BACKGROUND: Lower socioeconomic status is often thought to be associated with an elevated risk of postpartum depression; however, this relationship exhibits noticeable heterogeneity between studies. The present study examined this relationship in Japan. METHODS: Data were obtained from 90,194 mother...

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Autores principales: Matsumura, Kenta, Hamazaki, Kei, Tsuchida, Akiko, Kasamatsu, Haruka, Inadera, Hidekuni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6935197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31882000
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2401-3
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author Matsumura, Kenta
Hamazaki, Kei
Tsuchida, Akiko
Kasamatsu, Haruka
Inadera, Hidekuni
author_facet Matsumura, Kenta
Hamazaki, Kei
Tsuchida, Akiko
Kasamatsu, Haruka
Inadera, Hidekuni
author_sort Matsumura, Kenta
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Lower socioeconomic status is often thought to be associated with an elevated risk of postpartum depression; however, this relationship exhibits noticeable heterogeneity between studies. The present study examined this relationship in Japan. METHODS: Data were obtained from 90,194 mothers in an ongoing birth cohort of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Socioeconomic status was assessed based on the mothers’ highest education level during pregnancy. Postpartum depression was identified at 1 and 6 months postpartum based on an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of ≥9, and analyses were also performed based on the sub-scores for anxiety, depression, and anhedonia symptoms. Logistic and generalized linear regression model analyses were used to calculate odds ratios for postpartum depression according to education level with the highest education group (≥16 years of education) defined as the reference group, while controlling for covariates in a stepwise fashion. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that a lower education level was associated with a higher prevalence of postpartum depression and related symptoms. Although these relationships weakened in the fully adjusted models, odds ratios for cases and related symptoms remained significant at 1 and 6 months postpartum. Among three symptom dimensions, the relationship was strongest and weakest in the depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A lower education level was an independent risk factor for postpartum depression. In view of the low mobility of the education level, this finding suggests the potential importance of collecting information regarding education levels at the earliest opportunity.
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spelling pubmed-69351972019-12-30 Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Matsumura, Kenta Hamazaki, Kei Tsuchida, Akiko Kasamatsu, Haruka Inadera, Hidekuni BMC Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: Lower socioeconomic status is often thought to be associated with an elevated risk of postpartum depression; however, this relationship exhibits noticeable heterogeneity between studies. The present study examined this relationship in Japan. METHODS: Data were obtained from 90,194 mothers in an ongoing birth cohort of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Socioeconomic status was assessed based on the mothers’ highest education level during pregnancy. Postpartum depression was identified at 1 and 6 months postpartum based on an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of ≥9, and analyses were also performed based on the sub-scores for anxiety, depression, and anhedonia symptoms. Logistic and generalized linear regression model analyses were used to calculate odds ratios for postpartum depression according to education level with the highest education group (≥16 years of education) defined as the reference group, while controlling for covariates in a stepwise fashion. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that a lower education level was associated with a higher prevalence of postpartum depression and related symptoms. Although these relationships weakened in the fully adjusted models, odds ratios for cases and related symptoms remained significant at 1 and 6 months postpartum. Among three symptom dimensions, the relationship was strongest and weakest in the depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A lower education level was an independent risk factor for postpartum depression. In view of the low mobility of the education level, this finding suggests the potential importance of collecting information regarding education levels at the earliest opportunity. BioMed Central 2019-12-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6935197/ /pubmed/31882000 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2401-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Matsumura, Kenta
Hamazaki, Kei
Tsuchida, Akiko
Kasamatsu, Haruka
Inadera, Hidekuni
Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
title Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
title_full Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
title_fullStr Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
title_full_unstemmed Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
title_short Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
title_sort education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the japan environment and children’s study (jecs)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6935197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31882000
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2401-3
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