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Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?

Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to evade this e...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cruz-Acuña, Melissa, Pacifici, Noah, Lewis, Jamal S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6935858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31874916
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02526-19
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author Cruz-Acuña, Melissa
Pacifici, Noah
Lewis, Jamal S.
author_facet Cruz-Acuña, Melissa
Pacifici, Noah
Lewis, Jamal S.
author_sort Cruz-Acuña, Melissa
collection PubMed
description Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to evade this endosomal degradation through a nonlytic exocytosis process termed vomocytosis. This phenomenon has been most often studied for Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast that causes roughly 180,000 deaths per year, primarily in immunocompromised (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) patients. Existing dogma purports that vomocytosis involves distinctive cellular pathways and intracellular physicochemical cues in the host cell during phagosomal maturation. Moreover, it has been observed that the immunological state of the individual and macrophage phenotype affect vomocytosis outcomes. Here we compile the current knowledge on the factors (with respect to the phagocytic cell) that promote vomocytosis of C. neoformans from macrophages.
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spelling pubmed-69358582020-01-03 Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium? Cruz-Acuña, Melissa Pacifici, Noah Lewis, Jamal S. mBio Minireview Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to evade this endosomal degradation through a nonlytic exocytosis process termed vomocytosis. This phenomenon has been most often studied for Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast that causes roughly 180,000 deaths per year, primarily in immunocompromised (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) patients. Existing dogma purports that vomocytosis involves distinctive cellular pathways and intracellular physicochemical cues in the host cell during phagosomal maturation. Moreover, it has been observed that the immunological state of the individual and macrophage phenotype affect vomocytosis outcomes. Here we compile the current knowledge on the factors (with respect to the phagocytic cell) that promote vomocytosis of C. neoformans from macrophages. American Society for Microbiology 2019-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6935858/ /pubmed/31874916 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02526-19 Text en Copyright © 2019 Cruz-Acuña et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Minireview
Cruz-Acuña, Melissa
Pacifici, Noah
Lewis, Jamal S.
Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?
title Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?
title_full Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?
title_fullStr Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?
title_full_unstemmed Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?
title_short Vomocytosis: Too Much Booze, Base, or Calcium?
title_sort vomocytosis: too much booze, base, or calcium?
topic Minireview
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6935858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31874916
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02526-19
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