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The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement

BACKGROUND: The possible connection between apical periodontitis (AP), periodontal disease (PD) and the bad habit of smoking is among the most interesting aspects faced by the dental scientific community. The aim of this study was to pinpoint the effect of smoking on the status of the apical region,...

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Autores principales: Mahmood, Athraa A, AbdulAzeez, Ali R, Hussein, Hashim M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31920402
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S236747
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author Mahmood, Athraa A
AbdulAzeez, Ali R
Hussein, Hashim M
author_facet Mahmood, Athraa A
AbdulAzeez, Ali R
Hussein, Hashim M
author_sort Mahmood, Athraa A
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The possible connection between apical periodontitis (AP), periodontal disease (PD) and the bad habit of smoking is among the most interesting aspects faced by the dental scientific community. The aim of this study was to pinpoint the effect of smoking on the status of the apical region, in properly root-filled teeth with and without periodontal involvement of Iraqi males. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total number of 75 patients were chosen, divided into 3 groups of 25’s, teeth were subdivided into 6 subgroups (G-a: Light smokers without Periodontal involvement, G-b: Heavy smokers without Periodontal involvement, G-c: Non-smokers without Periodontal involvement, G-d: Light smokers with Periodontal involvement, G-e: Heavy smokers with Periodontal involvement, G-f: Non-smokers with Periodontal involvement), examination involved: clinical periodontal parameters, coronal restoration fitness. Panoramic and periapical radiographs were used to judge the quality of periodontal tissue in the apical region (AP) of root canal treated teeth. RESULTS: Among all the examined teeth (1859), only (89) were found with fitted both coronal and endodontic restorations. Rates of AP were: (G-a: 11.1%, G-b: 25%, G-c: 0%, G-d: 18.8%, G-e: 35.7%, G-f: 4.8%). Statistically, in related to the AP, there was a highly significant difference between heavy smokers’ groups (G-b, G-e). Moreover, heavy smokers with PD (G-e) showed a significant difference with light smokers without PD (G-a) and non-smokers without PD (G-c), also, there was a significant difference between heavy smokers without PD (G-b) and non-smokers with PD (G-f). While, there was a non-significant difference relationship between non–smokers’ groups (G-c, G-f), and light smokers’ groups (G-a, G-d). CONCLUSION: There is a noticeable negative effect of smoking on the severity and prognosis of AP and this negative effect worsens when it is accompanied by lateral periodontitis.
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spelling pubmed-69415972020-01-09 The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement Mahmood, Athraa A AbdulAzeez, Ali R Hussein, Hashim M Clin Cosmet Investig Dent Original Research BACKGROUND: The possible connection between apical periodontitis (AP), periodontal disease (PD) and the bad habit of smoking is among the most interesting aspects faced by the dental scientific community. The aim of this study was to pinpoint the effect of smoking on the status of the apical region, in properly root-filled teeth with and without periodontal involvement of Iraqi males. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total number of 75 patients were chosen, divided into 3 groups of 25’s, teeth were subdivided into 6 subgroups (G-a: Light smokers without Periodontal involvement, G-b: Heavy smokers without Periodontal involvement, G-c: Non-smokers without Periodontal involvement, G-d: Light smokers with Periodontal involvement, G-e: Heavy smokers with Periodontal involvement, G-f: Non-smokers with Periodontal involvement), examination involved: clinical periodontal parameters, coronal restoration fitness. Panoramic and periapical radiographs were used to judge the quality of periodontal tissue in the apical region (AP) of root canal treated teeth. RESULTS: Among all the examined teeth (1859), only (89) were found with fitted both coronal and endodontic restorations. Rates of AP were: (G-a: 11.1%, G-b: 25%, G-c: 0%, G-d: 18.8%, G-e: 35.7%, G-f: 4.8%). Statistically, in related to the AP, there was a highly significant difference between heavy smokers’ groups (G-b, G-e). Moreover, heavy smokers with PD (G-e) showed a significant difference with light smokers without PD (G-a) and non-smokers without PD (G-c), also, there was a significant difference between heavy smokers without PD (G-b) and non-smokers with PD (G-f). While, there was a non-significant difference relationship between non–smokers’ groups (G-c, G-f), and light smokers’ groups (G-a, G-d). CONCLUSION: There is a noticeable negative effect of smoking on the severity and prognosis of AP and this negative effect worsens when it is accompanied by lateral periodontitis. Dove 2019-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6941597/ /pubmed/31920402 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S236747 Text en © 2019 Mahmood et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Original Research
Mahmood, Athraa A
AbdulAzeez, Ali R
Hussein, Hashim M
The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement
title The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement
title_full The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement
title_fullStr The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement
title_short The Effect of Smoking Habit on Apical Status of Adequate Endodontically Treated Teeth with and Without Periodontal Involvement
title_sort effect of smoking habit on apical status of adequate endodontically treated teeth with and without periodontal involvement
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31920402
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S236747
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