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Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)

Invasive feral swine can damage ecosystems, disrupt plant and animal populations, and transmit diseases. Monitoring of feral swine populations requires expensive and labor-intensive techniques such as aerial surveys, field surveys for sign, trail cameras, and verifying landowner reports. Environment...

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Autores principales: Hauger, Amberly N., Hollis-Etter, Karmen M., Etter, Dwayne R., Roloff, Gary J., Mahon, Andrew R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6942673/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31915583
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8287
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author Hauger, Amberly N.
Hollis-Etter, Karmen M.
Etter, Dwayne R.
Roloff, Gary J.
Mahon, Andrew R.
author_facet Hauger, Amberly N.
Hollis-Etter, Karmen M.
Etter, Dwayne R.
Roloff, Gary J.
Mahon, Andrew R.
author_sort Hauger, Amberly N.
collection PubMed
description Invasive feral swine can damage ecosystems, disrupt plant and animal populations, and transmit diseases. Monitoring of feral swine populations requires expensive and labor-intensive techniques such as aerial surveys, field surveys for sign, trail cameras, and verifying landowner reports. Environmental DNA (eDNA) provides an alternative method for locating feral swine. To aid in detection of this harmful invasive species, a novel assay was developed incorporating molecular methods. From August 2017 to April 2018, water samples and stream data were collected along 400 m transects in two different stream types where swine DNA was artificially introduced to investigate potential factors affecting detection. A generalized linear model (family binomial) was used to characterize environmental conditions affecting swine DNA detection; detection was the dependent variable and stream measurements included stream type, distance downstream, water temperature, velocity, turbidity, discharge, and pH as independent variables. Parameters from the generalized linear model were deemed significant if 95% confidence intervals did not overlap 0. Detection probability for swine DNA negatively related to water temperature (β =  − 0.21, 95% CI [−0.35 to −0.09]), with the highest detection probability (0.80) at 0 °C and lowest detection probability (0.05) at 17.9 °C water temperature. Results indicate that sampling for swine eDNA in free-flowing stream systems should occur at lower water temperatures to maximize detection probability. This study provides a foundation for further development of field and sampling techniques for utilizing eDNA as a viable alternative to monitoring a terrestrial invasive species in northern regions of the United States.
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spelling pubmed-69426732020-01-08 Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa) Hauger, Amberly N. Hollis-Etter, Karmen M. Etter, Dwayne R. Roloff, Gary J. Mahon, Andrew R. PeerJ Ecology Invasive feral swine can damage ecosystems, disrupt plant and animal populations, and transmit diseases. Monitoring of feral swine populations requires expensive and labor-intensive techniques such as aerial surveys, field surveys for sign, trail cameras, and verifying landowner reports. Environmental DNA (eDNA) provides an alternative method for locating feral swine. To aid in detection of this harmful invasive species, a novel assay was developed incorporating molecular methods. From August 2017 to April 2018, water samples and stream data were collected along 400 m transects in two different stream types where swine DNA was artificially introduced to investigate potential factors affecting detection. A generalized linear model (family binomial) was used to characterize environmental conditions affecting swine DNA detection; detection was the dependent variable and stream measurements included stream type, distance downstream, water temperature, velocity, turbidity, discharge, and pH as independent variables. Parameters from the generalized linear model were deemed significant if 95% confidence intervals did not overlap 0. Detection probability for swine DNA negatively related to water temperature (β =  − 0.21, 95% CI [−0.35 to −0.09]), with the highest detection probability (0.80) at 0 °C and lowest detection probability (0.05) at 17.9 °C water temperature. Results indicate that sampling for swine eDNA in free-flowing stream systems should occur at lower water temperatures to maximize detection probability. This study provides a foundation for further development of field and sampling techniques for utilizing eDNA as a viable alternative to monitoring a terrestrial invasive species in northern regions of the United States. PeerJ Inc. 2020-01-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6942673/ /pubmed/31915583 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8287 Text en ©2020 Hauger et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Ecology
Hauger, Amberly N.
Hollis-Etter, Karmen M.
Etter, Dwayne R.
Roloff, Gary J.
Mahon, Andrew R.
Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)
title Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)
title_full Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)
title_fullStr Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)
title_full_unstemmed Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)
title_short Use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in streams to detect feral swine (Sus scrofa)
title_sort use of environmental dna (edna) in streams to detect feral swine (sus scrofa)
topic Ecology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6942673/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31915583
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8287
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