Cargando…

Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common finding in diabetic patients. Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of DN. Early detection of microalbuminuria is very important; it allows timely interventions to prevent progression to macroalbuminuria and later end-stage renal disease...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kiconco, Ritah, Rugera, Simon Peter, Kiwanuka, Gertrude N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6942803/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31934589
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3534260
_version_ 1783484772900667392
author Kiconco, Ritah
Rugera, Simon Peter
Kiwanuka, Gertrude N.
author_facet Kiconco, Ritah
Rugera, Simon Peter
Kiwanuka, Gertrude N.
author_sort Kiconco, Ritah
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common finding in diabetic patients. Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of DN. Early detection of microalbuminuria is very important; it allows timely interventions to prevent progression to macroalbuminuria and later end-stage renal disease (ESRD). OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients and establish its association with traditional serum renal markers in assessment of incipient nephropathy. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 140 participants with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending the diabetic clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. Questionnaires were used to obtain participant data after obtaining written informed consent. Data collected included: age, sex, level of education, history of smoking and alcohol consumption, hypertension, body mass index, family history, and duration of DM. Morning spot urine samples were collected from each participant and blood drawn for analysis of other renal markers. Urine microalbumin was determined quantitatively using immunoturbidity assay (Microalbumin kit, Mindray). Serum creatinine and uric acid and glucose levels were determined by spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of microalbuminuria was 22.9%. Using a simple and multiple linear regression model, serum creatinine (β = 0.010, 95% CI (0.005, 0.014), P = 0.0001) and glucose (β = 0.030, 95% CI (0.011, 0.048), P = 0.0017) levels were significantly associated with microalbuminuria. After adjusting for linearity, family history of DM was the only predictor of microalbuminuria (β = 0.275, 95% CI (0.043, 0.508), P = 0.002). Although microalbuminuria was weakly associated with eGFR (OR = 1.2, 95% CI (0.24, 5.96)), the relationship was not statistically significant (P = 0.824). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes in this study was high. The study suggests the need to screen for microalbuminuria early to reduce the possible burden of ESRD. When serum creatinine is used as a renal function marker among diabetic patients, it should be combined with microalbuminuria for better assessment of incipient nephropathy.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6942803
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher Hindawi
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-69428032020-01-13 Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda Kiconco, Ritah Rugera, Simon Peter Kiwanuka, Gertrude N. J Diabetes Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common finding in diabetic patients. Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of DN. Early detection of microalbuminuria is very important; it allows timely interventions to prevent progression to macroalbuminuria and later end-stage renal disease (ESRD). OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients and establish its association with traditional serum renal markers in assessment of incipient nephropathy. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 140 participants with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending the diabetic clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. Questionnaires were used to obtain participant data after obtaining written informed consent. Data collected included: age, sex, level of education, history of smoking and alcohol consumption, hypertension, body mass index, family history, and duration of DM. Morning spot urine samples were collected from each participant and blood drawn for analysis of other renal markers. Urine microalbumin was determined quantitatively using immunoturbidity assay (Microalbumin kit, Mindray). Serum creatinine and uric acid and glucose levels were determined by spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of microalbuminuria was 22.9%. Using a simple and multiple linear regression model, serum creatinine (β = 0.010, 95% CI (0.005, 0.014), P = 0.0001) and glucose (β = 0.030, 95% CI (0.011, 0.048), P = 0.0017) levels were significantly associated with microalbuminuria. After adjusting for linearity, family history of DM was the only predictor of microalbuminuria (β = 0.275, 95% CI (0.043, 0.508), P = 0.002). Although microalbuminuria was weakly associated with eGFR (OR = 1.2, 95% CI (0.24, 5.96)), the relationship was not statistically significant (P = 0.824). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes in this study was high. The study suggests the need to screen for microalbuminuria early to reduce the possible burden of ESRD. When serum creatinine is used as a renal function marker among diabetic patients, it should be combined with microalbuminuria for better assessment of incipient nephropathy. Hindawi 2019-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6942803/ /pubmed/31934589 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3534260 Text en Copyright © 2019 Ritah Kiconco et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kiconco, Ritah
Rugera, Simon Peter
Kiwanuka, Gertrude N.
Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda
title Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda
title_full Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda
title_fullStr Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda
title_short Microalbuminuria and Traditional Serum Biomarkers of Nephropathy among Diabetic Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in South Western Uganda
title_sort microalbuminuria and traditional serum biomarkers of nephropathy among diabetic patients at mbarara regional referral hospital in south western uganda
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6942803/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31934589
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3534260
work_keys_str_mv AT kiconcoritah microalbuminuriaandtraditionalserumbiomarkersofnephropathyamongdiabeticpatientsatmbarararegionalreferralhospitalinsouthwesternuganda
AT rugerasimonpeter microalbuminuriaandtraditionalserumbiomarkersofnephropathyamongdiabeticpatientsatmbarararegionalreferralhospitalinsouthwesternuganda
AT kiwanukagertruden microalbuminuriaandtraditionalserumbiomarkersofnephropathyamongdiabeticpatientsatmbarararegionalreferralhospitalinsouthwesternuganda