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Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Despite modern surgical techniques and the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, surgical site infection remains a burden for the patient and health system. It is a major cause of morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, and increased health costs. Thus, the main aim of this study was to determine t...

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Autores principales: Mezemir, Rahel, Seid, Awole, Gishu, Teshome, Demas, Tangut, Gize, Addisu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6945788/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31921353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13037-019-0229-x
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author Mezemir, Rahel
Seid, Awole
Gishu, Teshome
Demas, Tangut
Gize, Addisu
author_facet Mezemir, Rahel
Seid, Awole
Gishu, Teshome
Demas, Tangut
Gize, Addisu
author_sort Mezemir, Rahel
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Despite modern surgical techniques and the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, surgical site infection remains a burden for the patient and health system. It is a major cause of morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, and increased health costs. Thus, the main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and root causes of surgical site infection among patients undergoing major surgery at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia. METHODS: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted on 249 patients during 6-months’ time window. Data entered in SPSS and multivariate logistic regression was employed to determine the root causes and the outcome variable. RESULTS: The prevalence of surgical site infection was found to be 24.6% of whom 10% develop deep site, 9.2% organ spaced and the remaining 5.2% develop superficial space surgical site infection. The prevalence was high in patients who had undergone orthopedics (54.3%) and abdominal (30%) surgeries. Educational status, pre-morbid illness, duration of pre-operative and post-operative hospital stay, ASA score, and type of the wound were significantly associated with SSI at p-value of ≤0.05. However, no association was found with BMI and location of the wound. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of surgical site infection in the study population is still high. Preoperative hospital stay, pre-morbid illness, pre-operative and post-operative hospital stay, ASA score, and type of the wound were the independent predictors of surgical site infection. The duration of pre and post-operative periods should be kept to a minimum as much as possible. Patients with pre-morbid history of chronic diseases and contaminated wound require special attention to decrease the rate of occurrence of infections. In addition, longitudinal studies should be carried out to identify more risk factors.
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spelling pubmed-69457882020-01-09 Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study Mezemir, Rahel Seid, Awole Gishu, Teshome Demas, Tangut Gize, Addisu Patient Saf Surg Research BACKGROUND: Despite modern surgical techniques and the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, surgical site infection remains a burden for the patient and health system. It is a major cause of morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, and increased health costs. Thus, the main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and root causes of surgical site infection among patients undergoing major surgery at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia. METHODS: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted on 249 patients during 6-months’ time window. Data entered in SPSS and multivariate logistic regression was employed to determine the root causes and the outcome variable. RESULTS: The prevalence of surgical site infection was found to be 24.6% of whom 10% develop deep site, 9.2% organ spaced and the remaining 5.2% develop superficial space surgical site infection. The prevalence was high in patients who had undergone orthopedics (54.3%) and abdominal (30%) surgeries. Educational status, pre-morbid illness, duration of pre-operative and post-operative hospital stay, ASA score, and type of the wound were significantly associated with SSI at p-value of ≤0.05. However, no association was found with BMI and location of the wound. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of surgical site infection in the study population is still high. Preoperative hospital stay, pre-morbid illness, pre-operative and post-operative hospital stay, ASA score, and type of the wound were the independent predictors of surgical site infection. The duration of pre and post-operative periods should be kept to a minimum as much as possible. Patients with pre-morbid history of chronic diseases and contaminated wound require special attention to decrease the rate of occurrence of infections. In addition, longitudinal studies should be carried out to identify more risk factors. BioMed Central 2020-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6945788/ /pubmed/31921353 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13037-019-0229-x Text en © The Author(s). 2020 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Mezemir, Rahel
Seid, Awole
Gishu, Teshome
Demas, Tangut
Gize, Addisu
Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
title Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
title_full Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
title_short Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
title_sort prevalence and root causes of surgical site infections at an academic trauma and burn center in ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6945788/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31921353
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13037-019-0229-x
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