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Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks

The motivation to seek and consume water is an essential component of human fluid–electrolyte homeostasis, optimal function, and health. This review describes the evolution of concepts regarding thirst and drinking behavior, made possible by magnetic resonance imaging, animal models, and novel labor...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Armstrong, Lawrence E., Kavouras, Stavros A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31766680
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122864
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author Armstrong, Lawrence E.
Kavouras, Stavros A.
author_facet Armstrong, Lawrence E.
Kavouras, Stavros A.
author_sort Armstrong, Lawrence E.
collection PubMed
description The motivation to seek and consume water is an essential component of human fluid–electrolyte homeostasis, optimal function, and health. This review describes the evolution of concepts regarding thirst and drinking behavior, made possible by magnetic resonance imaging, animal models, and novel laboratory techniques. The earliest thirst paradigms focused on single factors such as dry mouth and loss of water from tissues. By the end of the 19th century, physiologists proposed a thirst center in the brain that was verified in animals 60 years later. During the early- and mid-1900s, the influences of gastric distention, neuroendocrine responses, circulatory properties (i.e., blood pressure, volume, concentration), and the distinct effects of intracellular dehydration and extracellular hypovolemia were recognized. The majority of these studies relied on animal models and laboratory methods such as microinjection or lesioning/oblation of specific brain loci. Following a quarter century (1994–2019) of human brain imaging, current research focuses on networks of networks, with thirst and satiety conceived as hemispheric waves of neuronal activations that traverse the brain in milliseconds. Novel technologies such as chemogenetics, optogenetics, and neuropixel microelectrode arrays reveal the dynamic complexity of human thirst, as well as the roles of motivation and learning in drinking behavior.
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spelling pubmed-69500742020-01-13 Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks Armstrong, Lawrence E. Kavouras, Stavros A. Nutrients Review The motivation to seek and consume water is an essential component of human fluid–electrolyte homeostasis, optimal function, and health. This review describes the evolution of concepts regarding thirst and drinking behavior, made possible by magnetic resonance imaging, animal models, and novel laboratory techniques. The earliest thirst paradigms focused on single factors such as dry mouth and loss of water from tissues. By the end of the 19th century, physiologists proposed a thirst center in the brain that was verified in animals 60 years later. During the early- and mid-1900s, the influences of gastric distention, neuroendocrine responses, circulatory properties (i.e., blood pressure, volume, concentration), and the distinct effects of intracellular dehydration and extracellular hypovolemia were recognized. The majority of these studies relied on animal models and laboratory methods such as microinjection or lesioning/oblation of specific brain loci. Following a quarter century (1994–2019) of human brain imaging, current research focuses on networks of networks, with thirst and satiety conceived as hemispheric waves of neuronal activations that traverse the brain in milliseconds. Novel technologies such as chemogenetics, optogenetics, and neuropixel microelectrode arrays reveal the dynamic complexity of human thirst, as well as the roles of motivation and learning in drinking behavior. MDPI 2019-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6950074/ /pubmed/31766680 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122864 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Armstrong, Lawrence E.
Kavouras, Stavros A.
Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks
title Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks
title_full Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks
title_fullStr Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks
title_full_unstemmed Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks
title_short Thirst and Drinking Paradigms: Evolution from Single Factor Effects to Brainwide Dynamic Networks
title_sort thirst and drinking paradigms: evolution from single factor effects to brainwide dynamic networks
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31766680
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122864
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