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Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts
Marine ascidians are becoming important drug sources that provide abundant secondary metabolites with novel structures and high bioactivities. As one of the most chemically prolific marine animals, more than 1200 inspirational natural products, such as alkaloids, peptides, and polyketides, with intr...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795141 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17120670 |
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author | Dou, Xiaoju Dong, Bo |
author_facet | Dou, Xiaoju Dong, Bo |
author_sort | Dou, Xiaoju |
collection | PubMed |
description | Marine ascidians are becoming important drug sources that provide abundant secondary metabolites with novel structures and high bioactivities. As one of the most chemically prolific marine animals, more than 1200 inspirational natural products, such as alkaloids, peptides, and polyketides, with intricate and novel chemical structures have been identified from ascidians. Some of them have been successfully developed as lead compounds or highly efficient drugs. Although numerous compounds that exist in ascidians have been structurally and functionally identified, their origins are not clear. Interestingly, growing evidence has shown that these natural products not only come from ascidians, but they also originate from symbiotic microbes. This review classifies the identified natural products from ascidians and the associated symbionts. Then, we discuss the diversity of ascidian symbiotic microbe communities, which synthesize diverse natural products that are beneficial for the hosts. Identification of the complex interactions between the symbiont and the host is a useful approach to discovering ways that direct the biosynthesis of novel bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical potentials. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6950356 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69503562020-01-16 Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts Dou, Xiaoju Dong, Bo Mar Drugs Review Marine ascidians are becoming important drug sources that provide abundant secondary metabolites with novel structures and high bioactivities. As one of the most chemically prolific marine animals, more than 1200 inspirational natural products, such as alkaloids, peptides, and polyketides, with intricate and novel chemical structures have been identified from ascidians. Some of them have been successfully developed as lead compounds or highly efficient drugs. Although numerous compounds that exist in ascidians have been structurally and functionally identified, their origins are not clear. Interestingly, growing evidence has shown that these natural products not only come from ascidians, but they also originate from symbiotic microbes. This review classifies the identified natural products from ascidians and the associated symbionts. Then, we discuss the diversity of ascidian symbiotic microbe communities, which synthesize diverse natural products that are beneficial for the hosts. Identification of the complex interactions between the symbiont and the host is a useful approach to discovering ways that direct the biosynthesis of novel bioactive compounds with pharmaceutical potentials. MDPI 2019-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6950356/ /pubmed/31795141 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17120670 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Dou, Xiaoju Dong, Bo Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts |
title | Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts |
title_full | Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts |
title_fullStr | Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts |
title_full_unstemmed | Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts |
title_short | Origins and Bioactivities of Natural Compounds Derived from Marine Ascidians and Their Symbionts |
title_sort | origins and bioactivities of natural compounds derived from marine ascidians and their symbionts |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795141 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17120670 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT douxiaoju originsandbioactivitiesofnaturalcompoundsderivedfrommarineascidiansandtheirsymbionts AT dongbo originsandbioactivitiesofnaturalcompoundsderivedfrommarineascidiansandtheirsymbionts |