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Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan

Giant viruses, like pandoraviruses and mimiviruses, have been discovered from diverse environments, and their broad global distribution has been established. Here, we report two new isolates of Pandoravirus spp. and one Mimivirus sp., named Pandoravirus hades, Pandoravirus persephone, and Mimivirus...

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Autores principales: Akashi, Motohiro, Takemura, Masaharu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31817274
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11121123
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author Akashi, Motohiro
Takemura, Masaharu
author_facet Akashi, Motohiro
Takemura, Masaharu
author_sort Akashi, Motohiro
collection PubMed
description Giant viruses, like pandoraviruses and mimiviruses, have been discovered from diverse environments, and their broad global distribution has been established. Here, we report two new isolates of Pandoravirus spp. and one Mimivirus sp., named Pandoravirus hades, Pandoravirus persephone, and Mimivirus sp. isolate styx, co-isolated from riverbank soil in Japan. We obtained nearly complete sequences of the family B DNA polymerase gene (polB) of P. hades and P. persephone; the former carried two known intein regions, while the latter had only one. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two new pandoravirus isolates are closely related to Pandoravirus dulcis. Furthermore, random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis revealed that P. hades and P. persephone might harbor different genome structures. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the partial polB sequence, Mimivirus sp. isolate styx belongs to mimivirus lineage A. DNA staining suggested that the Pandoravirus spp. asynchronously replicates in amoeba cells while Mimivirus sp. replicates synchronously. We also observed that P. persephone- or Mimivirus sp. isolate styx-infected amoeba cytoplasm is extruded by the cells. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report the isolation of pandoraviruses in Asia. In addition, our results emphasize the importance of virus isolation from soil to reveal the ecology of giant viruses.
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spelling pubmed-69504572020-01-16 Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan Akashi, Motohiro Takemura, Masaharu Viruses Article Giant viruses, like pandoraviruses and mimiviruses, have been discovered from diverse environments, and their broad global distribution has been established. Here, we report two new isolates of Pandoravirus spp. and one Mimivirus sp., named Pandoravirus hades, Pandoravirus persephone, and Mimivirus sp. isolate styx, co-isolated from riverbank soil in Japan. We obtained nearly complete sequences of the family B DNA polymerase gene (polB) of P. hades and P. persephone; the former carried two known intein regions, while the latter had only one. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two new pandoravirus isolates are closely related to Pandoravirus dulcis. Furthermore, random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis revealed that P. hades and P. persephone might harbor different genome structures. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the partial polB sequence, Mimivirus sp. isolate styx belongs to mimivirus lineage A. DNA staining suggested that the Pandoravirus spp. asynchronously replicates in amoeba cells while Mimivirus sp. replicates synchronously. We also observed that P. persephone- or Mimivirus sp. isolate styx-infected amoeba cytoplasm is extruded by the cells. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report the isolation of pandoraviruses in Asia. In addition, our results emphasize the importance of virus isolation from soil to reveal the ecology of giant viruses. MDPI 2019-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6950457/ /pubmed/31817274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11121123 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Akashi, Motohiro
Takemura, Masaharu
Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan
title Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan
title_full Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan
title_fullStr Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan
title_full_unstemmed Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan
title_short Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan
title_sort co-isolation and characterization of two pandoraviruses and a mimivirus from a riverbank in japan
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6950457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31817274
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11121123
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